WikiHausa

Tag: yadda ake

  • Yadda Ake Wainar Semovita

    Yadda Ake Wainar Semovita

    A yau za mu koyi yadda ake wainar semovita. Wainar Semovita abinci ne da ake yin sa da garin semovita, waina kamar yadda muka sani abincin garajiya ce wanda ke da tasiri a zuciyar Bahaushe, akwai nau’in wanina iri-iri, yau dai za mu ga yadda ake yin ta Semovita.

    Abubuwan Da Ake Buƙata:

    1-Semovita.
    2-Ƙwai.
    3-Madarar Gari (peak).
    4-Yeast.
    5-Baking Powder.
    6-Sugar.

    Yadda Ake Haɗawa;

    Da farko za ki tafasa ruwan zafi ƙaɗan ya yi ɗumi ki ajiye a gefe. Ki samu bokiti mai murfi mai zurfi ko wani container dai da kike yin ƙwaɓi a ciki. Sai ki zuba semovita ɗin ki ko rabin leda adadin dai yadda kike so ki juye ki saka sukari ba da yawa ba ki samu gishiri ki zuba ƙaɗan, ki kawo madarar ki ta gari guda ɗaya ki juye a ciki , ki ɗauko yeast ki saka da baking powder ɗan mitsitsi ki haɗa ki cakuɗa ya haɗa jikinsa.

    Sai ki ɗauko ruwan ɗumin ki zuba a ciki, ki kawo ƙwanki kamar guda biyu ko uku ki saka ki haɗa kar ki bari ƙwaɓin ya yi ruwa kuma kar ya yi kauri sossai dai-dai za ki yi ƙwaɓin, ki bar shi ya tashi sai ki fara soyawa yadda dai za ki soya wainar shikafa haka ake soyawa.

    Za ki iya ci da miyar taushe ko miyar agushi mai rai da lafiya. A ci lafiya.

    Don karanta Yadda Ake Masar Dankalin Turawa danna nan

    Edita:@rumasau-kallamu

  • Cututtukan Haƙori

    Cututtukan Haƙori

    Cututtukan haƙori su ne matsalolin da suke kama haƙorin mutum, su haifar masa da ciwon haƙori, ko faɗuwar haƙori, ko rashin tsarin haƙori mai kyau. Cututtukan haƙori sun rabu gida biyu:

    a. Waɗanda suke samun haƙori sakamakon rashin tsabtar baki (poor oral hygiene) ko ɗabi’un mutum (lifestyle).

    b. Waɗanda suke samun haƙori sakamakon gado (genetic factors).

    CUTUTTUKAN HAƘORI NA RASHIN TSABTA (ORAL HYGIENE TOOTH DISEASES)

    Kaɗan daga cikinsu su ne:

    1. Lalacewar haƙori (tooth decay): shi ne mafi zama gama-gari a cikin mutane, wanda yake faruwa sakamakon taruwar ƙwayoyin halittar bacteria (streptococcus mutans) a jikin haƙori. Yana kawo rami ko kogo a jikin haƙori (tooth cavity). Abubuwan da suke kawo lalacewar haƙori su ne:

    • Yawan ci ko shan kayan zaƙi (consumption of sugary foods),
    • Yawan ci ko shan abubuwa masu danƙo (consumption of starchy foods),
    • Rashin tsabtar baki (poor oral hygiene),
    • Bushewar baki (mouth dryness),
    • Taruwar sinadarin acid a cikin baki (mouth acid buildup).

    Alamunsa (symptoms) su ne:

    • Ciwon haƙori (tooth ache),
    • rashin daɗin baki idan abubuwa masu zafi ko sanyi suka shiga cikin baki (sensitivity to hot or cold substances),
    • samuwar kogo a jikin haƙori (tooth cavity).

    Likita zai iya tabbatar da lalacewar haƙori ne (diagnosis) ta hanyar ɗaukar hoton haƙori (tooth x-ray) ko kuma duba haƙorin maras lafiya (visual examination). Rashin magance lalacewar haƙori bayan an tabbatar da shi zai iya haifar da munanan matsalolin baki, kamar taruwar gunya a cikin baki (mouth abscess) ko faɗuwar haƙori (tooth loss).

    Hanyoyin magance lalacewar haƙori su ne:

    • Yin cikon kogon haƙori (tooth cavity filling),
    • Buɗe jijiyoyin jini na haƙori (tooth root canal therapy),
    • Da cire haƙori (tooth extraction).

    2. Ciwon dasashi (gum disease): Shi ne kumburin dasashi, da kuma shigar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin dasashi (gum inflammation and infection).

    Abubuwan da suke haddasa shi su ne:

    • Rashin tsabtar baki (poor oral hygiene),
    • Shan taba (cigarettes smoking),
    • Sauye-sauyen zubar ruwan sinadarai (hormonal changes),
    • Da laulayin magunguna (medication side effects).

    Alamunsa sun haɗa da:

    • Kumburin dasashi (gum inflammation),
    • Canzawar launin dasashi zuwa ja-zur (gum redness),
    • Warin baki (bad breath),
    • Faɗuwar haƙori (tooth loss),
    • Da jin zafi a lokacin tauna abinci (pain while chewing).
    • Likita zai iya tabbatar da kamuwa da ciwon dasashi ne ta hanyar yin hoton dasashi (gum x-ray) ko duba dasashi (gum examination).

    Rashin magance ciwon dasashi, bayan an tabbatar dashi, zai iya kawo faɗuwar haƙori (tooth loss) da lalacewar ƙashin muƙa-muƙi (jaw bone damage).

    Ana iya magance ciwon dasashi ne ta hanyar:

    • Wanke haƙori (teeth scaling),
    • Aikin tiyata (surgery),
    • Wanke jijiyoyin haƙori (tooth root planning),
    • Da yin amfani da magungunan antibiotics.

    Don karanta Hawan Jini  danna nan

    3. Rashin jin daɗin hakori (tooth sensitivity): yana faruwa ne sakamakon zaizayewar jikin haƙori (enamel wears) wanda yake sanya bayyanar shinfiɗar da take ƙarƙashin haƙori mai suna “dentin layer”.

    Abubuwan da suke kawo rashin jin daɗin hakori su ne:

    • Kogon hakori (tooth cavity),
    • Ciwon dasashi (gum disease),
    • Wanke baki da brush mai karfi (use of hard tooth brush),
    • Ci ko shan abubuwa masu acid (acidic foods consumption).

    Alamunsa su ne:

    Rashin jin daɗi ko zafin haƙori (tooth sensitivity) idan aka ci ko sha abubuwa masu zafi, ko sanyi, ko zaƙi, ko ɗaci, ko gishiri.

    Likita zai iya tabbatar da kamuwa da rashin daɗin haƙori ne ta hanyar duba haƙori, ko yi wa maras lafiya tambayoyi.

    Idan aka tabbatar da kamuwa da rashin jin daɗin haƙori, amma ba a magance shi ba, to, zai haifar da takura da rashin jin daɗin kowane irin abinci.

    Ana iya magance shi ta hanyar:

    • Yin amfani da mayukan goge baki masu ƙarfin sinadarai (desensitizing toothpaste),
    • Toshe zaizayewar da hakorin ya yi (dental bonding),
    • Ɗora maras lafiya a kan magungunan da za su ƙara masa yawan sinadarin fluoride a cikin jiki (fluoride treatment).

    4. Cutar daji ta baki (oral cancer): Tana kama tsokokin baki ne, kamar harshe (tongue), ko leɓe (lip) ko dasashi (gum), ko kumatu (cheeks). Tana sanya waɗannan halittun su kumbura suntum.

    Abubuwan da suke haddasa ta su ne:

    • Shan giya (alcoholism)
    • da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cutar human papilloma virus (HPV).

    Alamunsa su ne:

    • Samun ishashen rauni a cikin baki wanda zai ƙi warkewa (persistent mouth ulcers),
    • Zubar jini (gum bleeding),
    • Jin zafi mai naci a cikin baki (persistent mouth pains),
    • Wahalar hadiyar abinci (swallowing difficulty),
    • Wahalar yin magana (talking difficulty),
    • Ɗaukewar ji idan aka taɓa fatar baki (numbness).

    Likita zai iya tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar ne ta hanyar duba baki (mouth examination) ko ɗibar samfurin cutar domin yin awo a ɗakin binciken kimiyya (biopsy test). Jinkirin warkar da cutar bayan an tabbatar da ita zai iya haddasa mutuwar mutum.

    Ana iya magance cancer baki ne ta hanyar yin aikin tiyatar (surgery), ko amfani da hasken na’urar computer (radiation therapy), ko ɗora maras lafiya akan magunguna masu ƙarfin gaske (chemotherapy).

    MATSALOLIN HAƘORA NA GADO DA NA TSARIN RAYUWA (CONGENITAL AND ACQUIRED TEETH DEFECTS)

    Kaɗan daga cikinsu su ne:

    1. Rashin daidaiton hakora (teeth misalignment): Ana kiransa “malocclusion” a likitance ko “gantso” a Hausa., Yana haifar da rashin tauna abinci da kyau (biting/chewing problems).

    Abubuwan da suke haddasa shi su ne:

    • Gado (genetic factors),
    • Ko tsotson ɗan-yatsa (thumb sucking),
    • Ko hura iska a cikin bakin mutum (mouth breathing) sakamakon ya kasa yin numfashi da kansa,
    • Ko yin amfani da kayan tsotso ga yaro (child use of pacifiers).

    Alamunsa su ne:

    • Rashin iya gutsura ko tauna abinci yadda ya kamata (bite or chewing problems),
    • Da samun wahalar yin magana (speech difficulties).

    Likita zai iya tabbatar da matsalar ne ta hanyar ɗaukar hoton haƙora (dental x-ray) ko duba baki (dental examination).

    Jinkirin magance matsalar, bayan tabbatar da ita, yana taɓa kwarjinin mutum (self-esteem).

    Ana iya magance ta ta hanyar:

    • Yin aikin tiyata (surgery),
    • Ɗaure haƙora da zaren daidaita su (use of teeth braces),
    • Sanyawa haƙora hular daidaita su (use of teeth aligners).

    2. Duhun launin haƙora (teeth discoloration): Yana haifar da dafewar haƙora (teeth staining).

    Abubuwan da suke haddasa shi su ne:

    • Shan taba (cigarettes smoking),
    • Tsufa (ageing),
    • Ci ko shan abubuwan da aka rina su da chemicals (consumption of foods prepared with coloring matters),
    • Rashin tsabtar baki (poor oral hygiene).

    Alamarsa ita ce dafewar haƙora. Likita zai iya tabbatar da shi ne ta hanyar duba haƙora. Daɗewa ba a magance shi ba, yana iya taɓa kwarjinin mutum.

    Ana iya magance shi ta hanyar amfani da hular haskaka haƙora (teeth veneers).

    3. Rashin fitowar wasu daga cikin hakora kwata-kwata (congenital teeth missing): Ana kiransa “hypodentia” a likitance.

    Abubuwan da suke haddasa shi su ne:

    • Gado (genetic factors),
    • Da kuma matsalolin rashin lafiya kamar ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip, da cleft palate.

    Alamarsa ita ce rashin fitowar wasu daga cikin haƙora. Likita zai iya tabbatar da matsalar ne ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto, da kuma duba bakin mutum. Daɗewa ba a magance shi ba zai iya taɓa kwarjinin mutum, da kuma rashin iya cin abinci yadda ya kamata.

    Ana magance matsalar ne ta hanyar:

    • Yin dashen haƙora (dental implants),
    • Ko yin haƙoran roba (dentures),
    • Ko makala haƙoran roba na din-din-din (dental bridge)

    Danna nan don karanta Warin Baki

    Edita: @rumasau-kallamu

     

  • Iyalin Musa Ɗanƙwairo

    Iyalin Musa Ɗanƙwairo

    Iyali suturar mutum, iyali suturar gida. A bisa yanayin zamantakewar bil Adama da aljannu, cikar ɗa, mutum namiji ko ‘ya, mutum mace ita ce yadda Allah ya hore musu, ya ba su dama, suka assasa zuriya ta kankin kansu.

    Ta haka za su sami nutsuwa, da samun ayyukan yi a duniyarsu da lahirarsu, musamman ma idan suka yi aiki da hukunce-hukuncen addini da matakan zamantakewar rayuwa bisa kyakkyawan zaɓi da dacewa. Haka kuma aure yana a kan gaba wajen tsayar da usra ko iyali da za su iya zama ƙwarara, ina ma a ce an bi sharuɗɗa da kyawawan dangogi na yin sa.

    Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo wanda aka fi sani kuma ake kira da Maradun, ya sami jagoranci na iyaye wajen yin matar farko 21. A yayin zaman Ɗanƙwairo a doron rayuwar duniya bayan matarsa ta fari, ya auri mata da yawa kuma wasu daga cikinsu ne suka haifa masa ‘ya’ya har goma sha bakwai (17).

    Matan Aure na Musa Ɗanƙwairo

    Mata waɗanda Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo ya aure a rayuwarsa ta duniya su ne:

    i) Hauwa Taladan
    ii) Hajiya Hadiza (Ikka/Tashikka)
    iii) Amina
    iv) Tumba
    v) Rabi (‘Yar Zuma)
    vi) Maryam (Amarya)
    vii) Hauwa
    viii) Maimuna

    ‘Ya’yan Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo Maza da Mata

    Ga tsarin sunayen ‘ya’yan Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo Maradun ta bin ɗakunan iyayensu mata da suka haɗa da:

    i) Ɗakin Hauwa (Taladan)

    ii) Ɗakin Hajiya Ikka (Tashikka)
    a) Muhammadu Ɗanmakaɗa, Dauda na ɗaya (1)
    b) Alhaji Garba, Zwacin Kiɗi, Marafa, Daudu (2)
    c) Audu Adodo, Wakilin Kiɗa
    d) Zulaihat
    e) Habiba

    iii) Ɗakin Amina
    f) Ummaru Ka-ji-Dama (Makaɗin Noma)
    g) Amina (Kassu): Tana aure a Maradun

    iv) Ɗakin Tumba
    h) Sanin Ɗanƙwairo, Zakin Murya

    v) Ɗakin Maryam (Amarya)
    i) Sa’adatu
    j) Muhammadu Balarabe
    k) Umaru

    vi) Ɗakin Rabi’a (‘Yarzuma)
    l) A’ishatu (Indo)
    m) Malam Musa Tunau (Malamin Makarantar Allo)

    vii) Ɗakin Hauwa
    n) Abubakar, Ciroman Kiɗa
    o) Amina, Ige
    p) Ibrahim Ɗan’auta22

    viii) Ɗakin Maimuna
    Ba ta Haihu ba.

    Bishiyar Iyalin Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo Maradun

    Kaka Maiganga
    Usman Ɗankwanagga = Yarnunu
    Musa Ɗanƙwairo23 Amina Binta (Maryam)

    = Hauwa = Haj. Hadiza =Amina = Tumba = Maryam =Rabi = Hauwa =Maimuna
    (Taladan) (Ikka Tashikka) (Amarya) (‘Yar Zuma)
    Malam Musa Ba ta
    Tunau haihu ba
    Umaru Amina (Kassu)
    (Ka-Ji-Dama) Tana Aure Sa’adatu Muh Umaru
    a Maradun (‘Yabbata) Balarabe
    Muhammadu Sani (Zaƙin Murya)
    Ciroma Amina Ibrahim Ɗan’auta
    Abubakar (Ige) (Harkokin
    Magaji na (2) Kasuwanci)
    Muhammadu Garban Audu Zainabu Habiba
    (Ɗanmakaɗa) Ɗanƙwairo (Adodo)
    Magaji na (1)

    = Salame = Baraka
    Muhammadu Muh Tamaikiɗi
    Ɗanjimma Basiru
    Magaji na (3)

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Kiɗa da Waƙoƙin Makaɗa Musa Ɗanƙwairo danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Ma’anar Kiɗa da Makaɗi danna nan.

    Wannan bayanin an ciro shi ne daga Littafin; Tarihin Rayuwa Da Halifofin Makaɗa Alhaji Musa Ɗanƙwairo Maradun A Aiwatarwa Da Sadar Da Waƙoƙin Baka Na Hausa; wanda Prof. Sa’idu Muhammad Gusau ya wallafa shi; domin karanta cikakken Littafin danna nan.

  • Zubar Da Miyau Ga Mai Juna Biyu

    Zubar Da Miyau Ga Mai Juna Biyu

    Tsananin zubar da miyau ga mai juna biyu shi ne “ptyalism” ko “hypersalivation” a likitance. Ya fi faruwa a zangon wata 3 na farko (first trimester). Babban abinda yake haddasa shi shi ne sauye-sauyen zubar ruwan sinadarai, kamar human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) da oestrogen.

    Amma akwai wasu abubuwan da suma suna kawo shi kamar ƙwarnafi (heartburn), zazzaɓin safe (morning sickness), tashin zuciya (nausea), da shaƙar ƙamshi ko wari na wasu abubuwan da mai juna biyu ba ta buƙatarsu a wannan lokacin.

    Babban maganinsa shi ne tsabtar baki ta hanyar yawan yin brush ko asiwaki, tsabtace abinci, yawaita shan ruwa, yawaita shan abubuwa masu ruwa-ruwa, cin kayan marmari (fruits), da kaucewa wari ko ƙamshin duk wani abin da mai juna biyu ba ta so.

    Idan anyi hakuri, to, ptyalism yakan warkar da kansa.

    Danna nan domin karanta Matsalar Zubar Yawun Bacci
    Edita; Rumasa’u M. Kallamu

  • Wasu Daga Fitattun Malamai A Ƙasar Sakkwato Da Kewayen Ta

    Wasu Daga Fitattun Malamai A Ƙasar Sakkwato Da Kewayen Ta

    Karatun Alƙur’ani a Sakkwato da kewayenta wanda ya haɗa da Gwandu da Gobir da Zamfara da Kebbi, ya sha bam-ban da karatun Alƙur’ani a masarautun Kanem-Barno.

    Haka kuma ya sha bam-ban da karatu a masarautun Kano da kewayenta wanda ya ƙunshi Haɗeja da Zazzau da sauransu don haka, magana a kan yanayin malaman Alƙur’ani a waɗannan larduna sun sha bam-ban.

    Makarantun Alƙur’ani a Barno da Kano da kewayen su sun fi ƙwarewa wajen haddace Alƙur’ani da naƙaltar logoginsa da shahara wajen rubuta shi da ka. Wannan ya sa ba sa kutsawa sauran fannonin ilmin Furu’a. A lardin Sakkwato da kewayen ta kuwa, koyo da koyar da Alƙur’ani ya fi ɗaukar salon ƙasashen Sudan da Mali da Mauritaniya, a inda ake haɗa Alƙur’ani da ilmi a cikin tsangaya.

    Kodayake yanayin karatun iri ɗaya ne da sauran sassan Arewacin Najeriya ta fuskar karatu da alluna da darasu, amma fa da almajiri ya yi saukar fari, to sai ya fara sauran fannonin Fiƙhu da Lugga da Hadisi da sauransu. Wannan yakan jawo taƙaituwar shagaltuwar makarantu wajen haddace Alƙur’ani. Don haka ma abu ne mai wuya zaƙulo tsantsar mahaddacin Alƙur’ani, ballantana wanda ke rubuta shi da ka a Sakkwato.

    A taƙaice dai kusan kowace makaranta Alƙur’ani a Sakkwato da kewaye za ka samu makaranta ce ko zaure ne na ilmi. Haka kuma duk wata cibiya ta ilmi, to akwai karatun Alƙur’ani a cikinta. Bugu da ƙari, babu cunkoson makaranta a wannan lardin kamar yadda abin ya ke a gabas kamar Maiduguri da Gaidam da Konduga da Potiskum da Paki da Haɗeja da makamantansu a yankin Kano da kewaye.

    Masarautar Sakkwato ta kafu daga baya-bayan nan in an danganta ta da Gobir da Zamfara da Kebbi.

    Shi kuwa rubutaccen tarihin yaɗuwar Addinin Musulunci a wannan yanki ya fi dangantuwa da ayyukan Shehu Usman da almajiransa. Tare da haka, tarihi ba zai manta da gudunmawar waɗanda suka fara kawo Musulunci wannan yanki ba, musamman ma ‘yan kasuwa Larabawa da gun-gun masanan nan da aka fi sani da “Malaman ‘Yan Doto”.

    Domin kuwa a wannan lokaci Gobir na daga cikin ƙasashen Hausa da suka fara karɓar baƙuncin malamai masana daga yammacin Sudan. Irin waɗannan malamai sun bar Malle tun cikin shekara ta 835AH (1431CE) a inda suka sauka a Gobir da Katsina; kafin ma su isa Kano.

    An ce Muhammad Korau (1445-1494), wan da ya kifar da sarautar Sarkin Katsina Kumayau; ne ya zama Sarkin Musulmi na farko a Katsina. Yana ɗaya daga irin wancan gungu na “Malaman ‘Yan Doto”; waɗanda suka yaɗa koyar da ilmin Alƙur’ani a lardin Sakkwato tun kafin bayyanar Shehu Usmanu.

    Karatun aIƙur’ani da ilmi ya samu wata irin bunƙasa da yaɗuwa a wannan lardi a lokacin da Shehu Usmanu ya bayyana. Almajirai da masana kowa na baje kolinsa don cin kasuwar ilimin gwarazan masana irin su; shi kansa Mujaddadi da ɗan uwansa Abdullahi da ‘ya’yansa irin su Muhammadu Bello da Nana Asma’u da almajiransu irin su; Abdullahi Alkanawi da wasu malamai irin su Wazirin Sakkwato Junaidu da Yahaya Alnawawi (alƙalin lardi) da Alƙali Abubakar Ladan Rame da sauran su. Don haka za mu nazarci rayuwar wasu daga irin malaman Alƙur’ani da na ilmi a wannan lardin; musamman ma daga ƙarni na ashirin.

    Malam Attahiru Shehu Na Liman (Limamin Masallacin Shehu)

    An haifi Malam Attahiru a farko-farkon sarautar Sarkin Musulmi Abubakar na Uku. Malam Attahiru ya taso cikin tarbiyyar addini wurin mahaifinsa. Kasancewar gidansu gida ne na ilmi da yaɗa shi; ya sa shi gadar wannan sana’a ta koyar da Alƙur’ani da ilmi.

    Duk da cewa a halin yanzu Malam Attahiru shi ne Limamin Masallacin Shehu da ke Sakkwato; duk da haka makarantarsa ba ta gushe ba ta na yaɗa addini a cikin garin Sakkwato tare da taimakon ‘yan’uwansa; musamman ma Malam Abubukar da Malam Ibrahim da Malam AbdurRahman da Malam Ahmad Zaruƙu.

    Malam Attahiru Na Liman tsatson AIƙali Abubakar Ladan Rame ne, wanda ɗan Gwaggon Shehu Usmanu Ɗan Fodiyo ne. Wannan zuriya mai albarka ta cigaba da jiɓintar koyar da addini da alƙalanci har zuwa kan Malam Attahiru Shehu Na Liman (Limamin Masallacin Shehu da ke Sakkwato na yanzu).

    Malam Buhari Siriddawa (Sarkin Malaman Sakkwato)

    An haifi Malam Buhari, Sarkin Malaman Sakkwato a Unguwar Siriddawa da ke Sakkwato a shekara ta 1934. Ya yi karatu wurin mahaifinsa Malam lbrahim da Malam Na Ta’ala Gidan Kanawa Sakkwato; da Malam Mujeli Garge da Malam Shehu NaLiman (Limamin Masallacin Shehu).

    A halin yanzu tsangayarsa cike ta ke da almajirai da makaranta sama da ɗari biyar; baya ga ɗumbin masu karatun littatafai kowace rana a wurinsa. Babbar baiwar Malam Buhari ita ce ƙwarewar da Ubangiji Maɗaukaki Ya ba shi a fagen ilmin Fiƙhu. A yanzu shi ne yake riƙe da ragamar jagorancin malaman Sakkwato a fadar Sarkin Musulmi. Makarantarsa na gudana ne tare da taimakon ɗansa Malam Sambo da wasu daga almajiransa.

    Malam Muhammadu Na Ta ‘ala

    Malam Muhammadu Na Ta’ala ɗaya ne daga zuriyar Sheikh Abdullahi Alkanawi, almajirin Shehu Usman kuma jakadansa. Asalinsa mutumin Kano ne daga jinsin Gyanawa. Ya koma Sakkwato a lokacin da ya samu labarin bayyanar Shehu. Daga nan kuma ya cigaba da taimaka masa a Sifawa. Bayan an dawo Sakkwato, Shehu ya ba shi fili inda ya gina gidansa da makarantarsa; wadda aka fi sani da Gidan Kanawa.

    Bayan rasuwarsa sai ɗansa Halliru ya zama halifansa Daga nan kuma sai ɗansa Umar; shi ma kuma ɗansa Ibrahim Dasuki ya gaje shi. Bayansa ne sai ɗan’uwansa Muhammad Na Ta’ala ya zama halifa.

    Wannan makaranta ba ta gushe ba ƙarƙashin ‘ya’yansa su Alhaji Bashir Muhammad Na Ta’ala; da ɗan’uwansa Malam Ahmad Zaruƙu, inda suke cigaba da ilmantarwa da wa’azi.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Tarihin Malam Attahiru Shehu Na Liman (Limamin Masallacin Shehu) danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Rayuwar Dr. Yahaya Tanko danna nan.

    Wannan bayanin an ciro shi ne daga Littafin Tsarin Tsangayun Alƙur’ani A Arewacin Najeriya; Tarihin Su Da Zamantakewar Su Da Hanyoyin Raya Su; wanda Dr. Sunusi Iguda Ƙ/Nasarawa ya wallafa shi; domin karanta cikakken Littafin danna nan.

  • Yadda Za Ki Yi Funkaso

    Yadda Za Ki Yi Funkaso

    ABUBUWAN BUƘATA:-

    1.FLOUR
    2.ALKAMA
    3.YEAST
    4.GISHIRI

    Da farko za ki samu rariya ki tanƙaɗe fulawarki. Ki kawo garin alkamarki ma ki tankaɗe ta ki haɗa da fulawar ki cakuɗa su haɗa jikinsu sossai. Ki samu instant yeast ɗinki mai kyau wanda be sha iska ba saboda ƙwabinki ya tashi yadda ya kamata. Dama kin ɗan sa ruwa a tukunya ya yi ɗumi kaɗan yadda za ki iya ƙwabinki ba tare da kin ƙone ba ko ki sirka da ruwan sanyi ki ƙwaɓa fulawarki sai ki samu wuri mai ɗumi ki ajiye ƙwabin saboda ya tashi.

    Bayan kin ba shi kamar awa guda ko mintuna arba’in haka kina dai duba ƙwabin ko ya tashi. Ki ɗora mai a kaskon suyar ki (frying pan) ki bari ya yi zafi sai ki kawo ƙwaɓinki ki ajiye.

    Ki kawo mararki ki shafa wa bayanta ruwa ki ɗebo ƙwaɓinki kina sa wa a bayan marar nan ki sa yatsanki ki faɗaɗa tsakiyan fulawar ya ba ki shape ɗin ring sai ki saka a mai ki fara soyawa za ki ga ya yi kyau ya tashi a cikin mai ki kwashe in ya yi golden brown. Haka za ki na yi har ki gama suyar ki.

    Za ki iya cin wannan da miyar taushe mai tantaƙwashi da nama. Saka kunnuwan maigida motsi.

    Danna nan don karanta yadda ake tuwon shinkafa

    Edita; Rumasa’u M. Kallamu

  • Cutar Maƙoƙo

    Cutar Maƙoƙo

    Maƙoƙo shi ne ake kira “goiter” ko “thyromegaly” a likitance. Maƙoƙo wani kumburi ne a cikin jakar sinadarin din thyroid (thyroid gland inflammation) wanda yake kasancewa a ƙasan wuya. Ba lallai ba ne maƙoƙo ya zamo ciwon daji, amma yana iya zamowa alamar matsalar jakar sinadarin thyroid.

    Abubuwan da suke iya haifar da maƙoƙo su ne:

    1. Ƙarancin sinadarin iodin a cikin jiki (iodine deficiency): Wannan shi ne mafi yawan dalilin samuwar maƙoƙo a faɗin duniya. Iodin yana da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen samar da sinadarin iodine na thyroid, kuma rashin shi zai iya sanya jakar thyroid ta kumbura don ƙoƙarin cike wannan giɓin.

    2. Graves’ Disease: Wannan cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki (autoimmune disorders) wacce take sanya jakar thyroid ta samar da sinadarin iodine fiye da kima (hyperthyroidism), kuma hakan yana haifar da kumburin maƙoƙo.

    3. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: Wannan ita ma wata cuta ce ta garkuwar jiki (autoimmune disorder) inda garkuwar jiki take kai hari ga jakar sinadarin thyroid, kuma hakan yana sanya ta kasa samar da sinadarin iodine yadda ake buƙata (hypothyroidism). Wannan yana iya haifar da kumburin maƙoƙo.

    4. Tsirowar Kari a Cikin Jakar Thyroid (Thyroid Nodules): Wannan wani kumburi ko ƙurji ne da yake fitowa a cikin jakar sinadarin thyroid, wanda yake haifar da kumburin maƙoƙo.

    5. Ciwon Daji na Thyroid (Thyroid Cancer): Ko da yake ba ya faruwa sosai, amma ciwon cancer yana iya haifar da kumburin jakar thyroid idan ya shafi tsarin halittar jakar.

    6. Juna Biyu (Pregnancy): Canje-canjen zubar ruwan sinadaran estrogen da progesterone da sauransu, yayin da mace ta ɗauki ciki, yana iya haifar mata da kumburin maƙoƙo na wucin-gadi (temporary goiter) saboda jikinta yana buƙatar ƙaruwar sinadarin thyroid.

    7. Kumburi (Inflammation): kumburin jakar sinadarin thyroid (thyroiditis) yana iya haifar da kumburin maƙoƙo.

    Za a iya magance kumburin maƙoƙo ta hanyoyi kamar haka:

    1. Ƙarin Iodin (Iodine Supplementation): Idan ya samo asali ne daga rashin isasshen iodin a cikin jiki, to, ƙara yawan cin abincin da yake ɗauke da iodin ko shan magungunan ƙarin iodin yana iya rage kumburin.

    2. Yin Amfani Da Magunguna (Medications): Idan maƙoƙo ya samo asali ne daga ƙarancin sinadarin thyroid (hypothyroidism), to, shan maganin ƙarin sinadarin thyroid, kamar levothyroxine zai iya rage kumburin. Idan kuwa maƙoƙon ya samo asali ne daga yawan sinadarin thyroid fiye da kima a cikin jiki (hyperthyroidism), to, shan magungunan da ke rage yawan sinadarin thyroid ɗin (antithyroid medications) zai iya rage kumburin.

    3. Magance Maƙoƙo ta Hanyar Hasken Radiation (Iodine Radioactive Therapy: Ana amfani da wannan dabarar ta hasken radiation don rage girman jakar thyroid ɗin a lokutan hyperthyroidism.

    4. Aikin Tiyata (Surgery): A wasu lokutan, idan maƙoƙo ya yi girma sosai har ya kai yana kawo matsala wajen numfashi ko haɗiyar abinci, ko kuma idan ana zargin ciwon daji ne ya haddasa shi, to, ana iya cire wani ɓangare ko dukkan jakar sinadarin thyroid ɗin (thyroidectomy).

    5. Kulawa Ta Akai-Akai (Regular Observation): Idan maƙoƙon ba ya haifar da wata matsala, to, likita yana iya bayar da shawarar a cigaba da lura da yanayinsa ba tare da yin magani nan-take ba.

    A taƙaice, in mutum yana ɗauke da maƙoƙo ko alamunsa ya kamata a je asibiti domin a yi bincike a tabbatar da abinda ya haddasa wannan maƙoƙon, sannan a ɗauki matakin da ya dace.

    Domin karanta Cutar Damuwa danna nan
    Edita; Rumasa’u M. Kallamu

  • Cutar Damuwa (Depession)

    Cutar Damuwa (Depession)

    Cutar damuwa (depression) cuta ce da take shafar zuciya da ƙwaƙwalwa. Mutane da yawa suna ganin cewa depression shi ne mutum ya shiga cikin matsala ko ya rinƙa jin haushi da ɓacin rai na ɗan wani lokaci. Sai dai cutar ta wuce haka. A turance depression na nufin danne wani a hana shi rawar gaban hantsi ,ko kuma mutum ya shiga wani yanayi da bature yake cewa “Boredom”,wato yanayi na rashin abin yi.

    1-Clinical depression.
    Clinical depression ana kiran sa da major depressive disoder ko, biochemical depression, ko endogenous depression ko biological depression ko kuma unipolar disoder. Duk waɗannan sunayen ana amfani da su wajen kiran irin depression ɗin da yake zama matsala ga rayuwar mutum sosai, ta yadda in ba asibiti a ka je ba, sai dai abun ya ƙara muni.

    TA YAYA AKE GANE MUTUM YANA FAMA DA CLINICAL DEPRESSION?

    “International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems 10th revision (ICD-10) “ wata hanya ce da WHO ta samar don gano alamomin ciwuka irin depression. A tsarin ICD-10, ana tabbatar da cewa mutum yana da clinical depression ne idan ya shafe a ƙalla sati biyu ɗauke da alamomin clinical depression. Haka zalika sai waɗanan alamomin sun zama ana tare da su kusan kullum kafin a kai ga tabbatar da cewa akwai depression.

    ALAMOMIN CLINICAL DEPRESSION:-

    1. Baƙin ciki da ɗebewar tsammani da rayuwa (hopelessness). Da jin rayuwarka ba ta da ma’ana, wato mutum ya rasa abinda ke masa daɗi a duniya. Idan hakan ya zamanto yana faruwa da mutum a kowacce rana, to za a lissafa shi a cikin alamomin clinical depression. Yara ‘yan ƙananu masu shekaru 13-19 (teenagers) kuwa, idan suna fama da cutar depression, suna kasa zama wuri ɗaya, sannan ga saurin fushi da zafin rai maimakon baƙin ciki da ɗebewar tsammani irin na rayuwa.

    2. Mutum ya ji kwata-kwata ba ya sha’awar al’amuran rayuwa kamar yadda sauran mutane suke sha’awa. Kuma ko da ya yi wadannan abubuwan, ba zai samu farin ciki ko jin daɗi kamar yadda sauran mutane suke samu ba.

    3. Rama daga wajen mutanen da su suke nema ba misali (waɗanda ƙiba ta yi musu yawa suka rage cin abincinsu don rage ta wato dieting) Ramewa da kashi biyar daga cikin kaso ɗari na nauyin jiki ( 5% loss of body weight) ko sama da haka, yana nuni cewa akwai alamar cutar clinical depression.

    4. Yin bacci fiye da kima ko kuma matsala da wahala wajen yin bacci ga wasu.

    5. Yawan kai-komo fiye da kima (psychomotor agitation), ko kuma rashin motsi da zama waje ɗaya (psychomotor retardation) ga wasu.

    6. Yawan gajiya ko kuma rashin ƙarfi kusan kodayaushe ko kuma mafi yawan lokuta.

    7. Mutum ya rinƙa jin ba shi da wani amfani a duniya (worthlessness) ko kuma ya rinƙa jin kamar ya yi wani babban laifi (guilt).

    8. Mutum ya kasa yin tunani ko kuma mayar da hankali kan wani abu (lack of concentration). Ko kuma ya kasa yanke hukunci a rayuwa kamar yadda sauran mutane suke yi.

    9. Yawan tunanin mutuwa; ya zama kodayaushe ko kuma a mafi yawan lokuta shi mutuwa yake tunani. Wasu daga cikin masu cutar ba wai mutuwar suke tsoro ba, amma dai kullum cikin tunaninta suke, wasu kuma masu wannan matsalar suna tsoron mutuwa fiye da yadda sauran mutane suke, wato fiye da yadda hankali zai ɗauka.

    Kun ga kenan idan kuka duba abubuwan da na lissafo a sama, za ku gane cewa “Depression babbar matsala ce mai sarƙaƙiya”. Idan ba kai kake fama da ita ba, ba za ka taɓa gane yaya mai fama da ita yake ji ba. Shi yasa wasu a cikin jahilci suke hantarar masu cutar depression, a ganinsu ba rashin lafiya ba ne.

    Hakan ba ƙaramin matsala yake jawowa ba. Yana sanyawa mutane su ƙare rayuwarsu cikin baƙin ciki da damuwa, wasu ma har su yi tunanin kashe kansu. Ya zama dole a ilimantar da mutane akan cutar depression ,don kowa ya gane cewa mai depression taimako yake nema ba hantara da cin mutunci ba.

    Cutar damuwa (depression) ya kasu kashi biyar:-

    1-Melancholia ko Melancholic depression: (Yana jawo matsalar rashin cin abinci ko rashin bacci ko kuma mutum ya ji ya tsani zama cikin mutane) wannan depression ne me muni.

    2- Psychotic depression: Yana saka mai cutar rasa hankalinsa na wani lokaci. Ya rinƙa ganin abinda mutane ba sa gani ko kuma abinda babu shi a duniya. (Hallucination da delusion).

    3- Atypical depression: Yana sanya mutum ya kasa zaune ya kasa tsaye, ya zama a birkice (anxiety) ko kuma cikin tsananin tsoro da razana (panic attack).

    4-chronic dysthymic disoder: Wannan depression ne da ba shi da tsanani amma akan shafe tsawon lokaci ana fama da shi. Yana farawa daga lokacin da aka balaga (adolescence) sannan akan shafe shekara biyar zuwa shekaru da yawa ana fama da shi.

    5- Seasonal Affective Disoder (SAD) depression ne da yake zuwa lokacin sanyi (winter) kuma yake tafiya lokacin zafi.

    Gano haƙiƙanin abinda ke jawo depression ya gaggara. Har yanzu ana tafka muhawara tsakanin masana kimiyya akan abinda ke jawo depression. Sai dai dukkan muhawarar ta ta’allaƙa ne akan abubuwa guda uku:-

    A-Wasu na ganin cewa depression ya shafi al’amura na biology (biological factors). Wato samun canji na wasu sinadirai da suke kai-komo tsakanin ƙwaƙwalwa da sauran sassan jiki. Waɗannan sinadirai su ake kira ‘yan aika (neurotransmitters).

    B-Wasu na ganin yanayin tunani ke jawo depression. Suna ganin cewa idan mutum yana yawan yin tunani mai jawo baƙin ciki (negative thoughts), to hakan zai haifar da matsala ga tsarin rayuwarsa, ya zamto yana jin haushin kansa da haushin sauran jama’a ba tare da dalili ba. Waɗanan su ake kira da “Congnitive factors”.

    C- Akwai kuma masu ganin cewa matsalolin rayuwa irin su rabuwar aure, kora daga aiki, cutarwa ko cin zali (bully), talauci, da sauransu su ke jawo depression. Wannan shi ake kira “Socio-cultural factors.

    Akwai abubuwan da ake zargin suna jawo cutar depression bayan waɗannan ukun da na lissafa a sama;

    • Gado
      Mutuwar iyaye
      Yawan tunani
      Raina kai ko abinda za ka iya (low self-esteem)
      Rashin aikin yi.
      Rashin wurin kwana (homeless).
      Yaudara ko daga saurayi ko budurwa.
      Cutarwa daga (‘yan fashi, ɓarayi, fyaɗe da sauransu).
      Shaye-Shaye (shan giya ko magunguna ba bisa ƙa’ida ba, magungunan hana haihuwa da sauransu).
    • Yawan amfani da magunguna masu ƙarfi wajen kashe (pesticides) ƙwari, binciken wasu masana ya tabbatar da yiwuwarsa na jawo depression.

    Kafin mai cutar ya sha kowanne irin magani ya fara zuwa ganin likita. Shan magani ba tare da shawarar likita ba zai iya haifar da wata larurar. Yawaitar ziyartar likita lokaci bayan lokaci.

    Manazarta:-
    World Health Organisation (WHO) (2022)

    National institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2022) Depression.
    Depression: A cognitive Approach (2018).Routledge.

    Danna nan don karanta Ciwon Zuciya

    Edita; Rumasa’u M. Kallamu

  • Wasu Daga Malaman Alƙur’ani A Kebbi (Lardin Zuru)

    Wasu Daga Malaman Alƙur’ani A Kebbi (Lardin Zuru)

    Malam Mubammad Sani Ɗan Tudu (1882-1979)

    An haifi Malam Muhammad a shekara ta 1882 a Dabai. Mahafinsa Andi shi ne Sarki Zuru na Biyar. Asalin Musuluntarsa shi ne, tun yana yaro ƙarami an taɓa sace shi, wata tsohuwa ta saye shi ta sa masa suna Muhammad. Mahaifinsa ya yi ta nemansa har ya fidda rai.
    Malam Muhammad ya yi makarantar Alƙur’ani a garin Kermi da Gwandu da Jega da Kambaza.

    Cikin shekaru biyu ya kammala karatun AIƙur’ani. Malam Muhammad ya dawo gida ya gaji sarautar Sarkin ƙasa har tsawon shekaru huɗu a shekara ta 1960. Ya canja sunan sarautar izuwa Marafan Dabai domin Ubangiji Maɗaukaki Shi kaɗai ne Sarkin ƙasa.

    Malam Muhammad ya yaɗa koyar da Alƙur’ani a Dabai a shekara ta 1923 a inda ake koyawa manya da yara Alƙur’ani. Wannan ya taimaka gaya wajen shigowar ‘yan ƙabilar Dakkarawa Musulunci. A shekara ta 1946 aka naɗa Alaramma Malam Muhammad Sani Sarkin Zuru a lokacin yana hakimin lardin Dabai.

    Irin himmarsa wajen yaɗa Musulunci ta hanyar buɗe makarantun Alƙur’ani ya kawowa makarantun boko da na mishan (missionaries) tasgaro wanda ya kai ga rushewarsu. Misali, makarantar mishan ta Mahuta an rufe ta a shekara ta 1963 bayan ta shekara bakwai babu wata nasara.

    Malam Sani ya mulki Zuru daga shekara ta 1946 har zuwa shekara ta 1960 lokacin da aka tuɓe shi a bisa wasu dalilai na siyasa. Bayan ya yi murabus ya koma Mina ya shekara goma sha bakwai. Daga baya ya dawo Dabai a shekara ta 1977. Malam Sani ya rasu a shekarar 1979. Cikin ‘ya’yansa akwai mashurin malamin nan Alhaji Bello Dabai.

    Malam Aliyu Maiwa (1868-1974)

    An haifi Malam Aliyu a Unguwur Rimi (Deng-re) da ke Zuru a shekarar 1868. Ya karɓi Musulunci a shekarar 1894. Ya fara koyon hukunce-hukuncen ibada da Alƙur’ani a wurin malaminsa Malam Umar a shekarar 1920. Daga nan sha’awar neman sani ta motsa shihar ya yi tafiya izuwa Kwantagora. Daga nan kuma ya dangana da Zungeru wurin Malam Garba Langa-langa da Limamin Zungeru Aliyu.

    Koda Liman Aliyu ya ga irin kwazon Malam Maiwa da kaifin basirarsa, sai ya tafi aikin Hajji da shi a shekara ta 1926 An ce kafin dawowarsa daga Makka, tuni ya kammala haddace Alƙur’ani, domin kuwa ya tsaya a Barno ya duƙufa wajen tilawa da ƙwami.

    Saboda baiwar rubutunsa kuwa, hukumar lardin Zuru ta sayi kwafen Alƙur’anin da ya rubuta da hannunsa aka buga don amfani da su a ɗakunan Sharia’a a Zuru A matsayinsa na ɗan ƙabilar Dakkarawa wanda ya Musulunta kuma ya bayar da gagarumar gudunmawa wajen yaɗa Addinin Musulunci a yankin.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani akan Birane Garuruwan Da Suka Shahara Da Tara Makaranta Da Tsangayu A Arewacin Niajerijya danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani akan DUNIYA MAKARANTA! danna nan.

    Wannan bayanin an ciro shi ne daga Littafin Tsarin Tsangayun Alƙur’ani A Arewacin Najeriya; Tarihin Su Da Zamantakewar Su Da Hanyoyin Raya Su; wanda Dr. Sunusi Iguda Ƙ/Nasarawa ya wallafa shi; domin karanta cikakken Littafin danna nan.

  • Falalar Zama A Madina

    Falalar Zama A Madina

    An karɓo daga Sa’ad (Radiyallahu anhu) Haƙiƙa Manzon Allah (Sallallahu alaihi wasalam) ya ce: “Zaman Madina ya fi alkhari a gare su inda sun sani”, duk wanda ya bar Madina saboda ƙyamar ta; sai Allah ya kawo mata wanda ya fi shi.

    Duk wanda ya jurewa tsananin Madina da laulayinta zan cece shi kuma zan zama shaida a gare shi ranar ƙiyama.” (Muslim 1378.)

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani akan Falalar Biyawa Wani Hajji Ko Umra danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani akan Yadda Ake Aikin Hajji A Sauƙaƙe danna nan,.

    Wannan bayani an ciro shi ne daga littafin Ingantattun Nafiloli Da Falalarsu; wanda Usman Abubakar Muhammad (Shehu Mansur Dala) ya wallafa shi; Domin karanta cikakken littafin danna nan.