WikiHausa

Author: Khadija Yusha’u (Amira)

  • Shimfidar Ƙasa (Nijeriya)

    Shimfidar Ƙasa (Nijeriya)

    Najeriya tana yammacin Afirka a gabar tekun Guinea kuma tana da faɗin 923,768 km2 (356,669 sq mi), [132] hakan yasa ta zama ƙasa ta 32 mafi girma a duniya. Ya kai kwatankwacin girmansa da Venezuela, kuma ya ninka girman ƙasar Amurka ta California. Iyakokinta sun kai kilomita 4,047 (2,515 mi), kuma tana da iyaka da Benin (kilomita 773 ko 480 mi), Nijar (kilomita 1,497 ko mi 930), Chadi (kilomita 87 ko 54 mi), da Kamaru (gami da raba yankin Ambazonia) 1,690 kilomita ko 1,050 mi. Yankin gabar bakin ta aƙalla kilomita 853 (530 mi). [133] Nijeria tana tsakanin latitude 4 ° da 14 ° N, da kuma longitude 2 ° da 15 ° E.
    Matsayi mafi girma a Nijeriya shi ne Chappal Waddi a 2,419 m (7,936 ft). Manyan kogunan su ne Neja da Benuwai, waɗanda suke haɗuwa kuma babu komai a yankin Neja Delta. Wannan shi ne ɗayan manyan koguna na duniya, kuma wurin babban yanki ne na mangroves na Afirka ta Tsakiya.

     

  • Tarayyar Nijeriya Wajen Hulɗa Da Ƙasashen Waje

    Tarayyar Nijeriya Wajen Hulɗa Da Ƙasashen Waje

    Bayan samun ‘yancin kai a shekarar 1960, Nijeriya ta sanya haɗin kan Afirka ya zama jigon manufofinta na kasashen waje, kuma ta taka rawar gani a yaƙi da gwamnatin wariyar launin fata a Afirka ta Kudu. Wani abin da ya fi mayar da hankali ga Afirka shi ne, dangantakar kut-da-kut da Nijeriya ta ƙulla da Isra’ila a tsawon shekarun 1960s. Theasar ta ƙarshe ta ɗauki nauyi da kuma lura da gina gine-ginen majalisar dokokin Nijeriya.
    An gwada manufofin ƙasashen waje na Nijeriya a cikin shekarun 1970 bayan ƙasar ta fita daga cikin yaƙin basasa. Tana tallafa wa ƙungiyoyi a kan gwamnatocin fararen fata tsiraru a  yankin Kudancin Afirka. Nijeriya ta goyi bayan African National Congress (ANC) ta hanyar yin tsattsauran ra’ayi game da gwamnatin Afirka ta Kudu da matakan sojan da suke yi a Kudancin Afirka. Nijeriya kuma ta kasance memba mai kafa kungiyar Hadin Kan Afirka (yanzu Tarayyar Afirka), kuma tana da matuƙar tasiri a Afirka ta Yamma da Afirka gaba ɗaya. Bugu da kari, Nijeriya ta ƙirƙiro ƙoƙarin haɗin gwuiwa a shiyyar a Afirka ta Yamma, tana aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar matsayin ƙungiyar bunƙasa tattalin arzikin ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma (ECOWAS) da ECOMOG, ƙungiyoyin tattalin arziƙi da sojoji.
    Da wannan matsayar ta Afirka, Nijeriya ta tura sojoji cikin sauƙi a Congo, bisa umarnin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, jim kaɗan bayan samun ‘yancin kai (kuma ta ci gaba da kasancewa memba tun wancan lokacin). Har ila yau, Nijeriya ta goyi bayan yawancin Pan-Afrika da gwamnatocin masu son kai a cikin 1970s, gami da samun tallafi ga MPLA ta Angola, SWAPO a Namibia, da taimakawa adawa ga ƙananan gwamnatocin Portugal na Mozambique, da Rhodesia.
    Nijeriya ta ci gaba da kasancewa memba a cikin ƙungiyar ‘Yan-ba-ruwanmu. A ƙarshen Nuwamba 2006, ta shirya wani taron ƙoli na Afirka da Kudancin Amurka a Abuja don inganta abin da wasu mahalarta suka kira haɗin Kudu-Kudu “ta fuskoki daban-daban. Nijeriya ma memba ce a Kotun Laifuka ta Duniya, da kuma Kungiyar Kasashe. An cire shi na ɗan lokaci daga ƙarshen a lokacin 1995 lokacin mulkin Abacha.
    Nijeriya ta ci gaba da kasancewa mamba a masana’antar mai ta kasa da kasa, tun daga shekarun 1970, kuma tana ci gaba da kasancewa mamba a Ƙungiyar Ƙasashe Masu Arziƙin Man Fetur (OPEC), wacce ta shiga a watan Yulin 1971. Matsayinta na babbar mai samar da mai a fitattun ƙasashen duniya a wasu lokutan. Dangantaka da ƙasashen da suka ci gaba, musamman Amurka, da kuma kasashe masu tasowa.
    Miliyoyin ‘yan Nijeriya sun yi ƙaura a lokacin wahalar tattalin arziki, musamman zuwa Turai, Arewacin Amurka da Ostiraliya. An ƙiyasta cewa sama da ‘yan Nijeriya miliyan sun yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka kuma sun kasance al’ummar Amurka ta Amurka. Mutane daban-daban a cikin irin waɗannan al’ummomin na Diasporic sun shiga cikin kungiyar “Egbe Omo Yoruba”, Ƙungiyar Haɗin Kan Zuriyar Yarbawa a Arewacin Amurka.
    A watan Yulin 2019, jakadun Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na kasashe 37, ciki har da Nijeriya, sun rattaɓa hannu kan wata wasiƙa ta haɗin gwuiwa zuwa ga UNHRC dake kare kasar Sin game da cutar Uyghurs a yankin Xinjiang.
    Tun daga shekarar 2000, dangantakar cinikayya tsakanin Sin da Nijeriya ta tashi matuƙa. An samu ƙaruwar jimillar ciniki sama da dala miliyan 10,384 tsakanin al’ummomin biyu daga shekarar 2000 zuwa 2016.  Ko yaya tsarin dangantakar cinikayya tsakanin Sin da Nijeriya ya zama babban batun siyasa ga ƙasar Nijeriya. An nuna wannan ta hanyar fitar da kayayyaki da kasar Sin ke fitarwa ya kai kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 na jimlar adadin kasuwancin dake tsakanin kasashen biyu.
    Wannan ya haifar da rashin daidaiton kasuwanci, inda Najeriya ta shigo da sau goma fiye da yadda take fitarwa zuwa China. Bayan haka, tattalin arziƙin Nijeriya yana dogaro kacokam kan shigo da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje mai rahusa, domin ciyar da kanta, wanda hakan ya haifar da faɗuwar masana’antar Nijeriya a bayyane ta irin waɗannan tsare-tsare.
    Nijeriya na iya fuskantar taɓaɓarewar matsayinta a cikin harkokin ƙasa da ƙasa idan an kammala sauyin duniya
    zuwa makamashi mai sabuntawa kuma buƙatun duniya na albarkatun mai ya daina. An tsara shi a cikin 149 a cikin ƙasashe 156 a cikin jadawalin Fa’idar Geopolitical da Asarar bayan canjin kuzari (GeGaLo).
     
  • Sojojin Nijeriya

    Sojojin Nijeriya

    An tuhumi sojojin na Nijeriya da kare Tarayyar Nijeriya, da tallata muradun tsaron duniya a Nijeriya, da tallafawa ƙoƙarin wanzar da zaman lafiya, musamman a Yammacin Afirka. Wannan tallafi ne ga koyarwar wani lokaci ana kiranta Pax Nigeriana.

    Sojojin Nijeriya sun ƙunshi SOJOJIN ƘASA, SOJOJIN RUWA, da SOJOJIN SAMA. Sojoji a Nijeriya sun taka rawar gani a tarihin ƙasar tun samun ‘yancin kai. Juntas daban-daban sun ƙwace ikon ƙasar kuma suka mulke ta a mafi yawan tarihinta. Zamanta na ƙarshe na mulkin soja ya ƙare ne a shekarar 1999 biyo bayan mutuwar ba-zata da tsohon mai mulkin kama-karya Sani Abacha ya yi a 1998. Magajinsa, ABDULSALAM ABUBAKAR, ya miƙa mulki ga zaɓaɓɓen shugaba wato Olusegun Obasanjo na dimokuradiyya a shekara 1999.
    A matsayinta na ƙasar da ta fi kowace ƙasa yawan jama’a a Afirka, Nijeriya ta sake tura sojojinta a matsayin rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya a Nahiyar. Tun daga 1995, an tura sojojin Nijeriya, ta hanyar umarnin ECOMOG a matsayin sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya a Laberiya (1997), Ivory Coast (199i- 1997), da Saliyo (1997 – 1991). A ƙarƙashin wani umarni na Tarayyar Afirka, ta girke dakaru a yankin Darfur na Sudan don ƙoƙarin samar da zaman lafiya.

    Domin sanin cikakkun bayanai a kan sojojin Nijeriya danna nan

  • Siyasar Nijeriya

    Siyasar Nijeriya

    Nijeriya ita ce Jamhuriya ta Tarayya da aka yi wa kwatankwacin Amurka, tare da ikon zartarwa, wanda Shugaban ƙasa ke amfani da shi. Samfurin tsarin Westminster System faɗar da ake buƙata] ya rinjaye shi a cikin tsarawa da gudanarwa na manya da ƙananan majalisun dokokin majalissar.
    Shugaban ƙasar duka shugaban ƙasa ne, kuma shugaban gwamnatin tarayya; ana zaɓen shugaba ne ta hanyar jefa ƙuri’a zuwa matsakaicin shekaru biyu na shekaru huɗu(zango biyu). Majalisar dattijai da ta wakilai ne ke bincikar ikon shugaban, waɗanda aka haɗa su a cikin majalisun biyu da ake kira Majalisar Ƙasa. Majalisar Dattijai tana da kujeru 109 tare da mambobi uku daga kowace jiha da kuma ɗaya daga babban birnin tarayya Abuja; ana zabar mambobi ta hanyar jefa ƙuri’a zuwa wa’adin shekaru hudu. Gidan ya ƙunshi kujeru 360, tare da yawan kujerun kowace jiha ta yawan jama’a.
    Rikicin ƙabilanci, da fitinar addini, da kuma nuna fin ƙarfi, sun shafi siyasar Nijeriya gaba da wacce ta biyo baya ga samun ‘yanci a shekarar 1960. Duk manyan jam’iyyun sun yi amfani da magudin zaɓe da kuma wasu hanyoyin tilastawa don ci gaba da fafatawa. A lokacin kafin zaben 1983, wani rahoto na masana wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Manufofin Ƙasa da Nazari ta Kasa ta shirya ya nuna cewa kawai zaɓen 1959 da 1979 ne aka gudanar ba tare da maguɗi ba.
    A shekarar 2012, an ƙiyasta Nijeriya ta yi asarar sama da Dala biliyan 400 ga cin hanci da rashawa tun bayan samun ‘yancin kai. Son zuciya ya shiga cikin siyasar Nijeriya, wanda ya haifar da kokarin kabilanci don tattara ikon Tarayya zuwa wani yanki na abubuwan da suke so.
    Hausa-Fulani, Yarbawa da Igbo su ne manyan ƙabilu uku a Nijeriya kuma sun ci gaba da zama masu martaba a tarihin siyasar Nijeriya; gasa tsakanin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin guda uku ta haifar da gaba. Biyo bayan yaƙin basasar da aka zubar da jini, kishin ƙasa ya samu ƙaruwa a yankin Kudancin kasar, wanda hakan ke haifar da masu yunƙurin ɓallewa kamar su: Oodua Peoples Congress (OPC) da Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB).
    Saboda lamuran da suka gabata, jam’iyyun siyasar Nijeriya suna da ra’ayin ƙasa-da-ƙasa kuma ba su da addini (duk da cewa wannan ba zai hana ci gaba da fifikon manyan ƙabilun ba). Manyan jam’iyyun siyasa biyu su ne Jam’iyyar People’s Democratic Party da All Progressive Congress tare da ƙananan jam’iyyun adawa guda ashirin dake da rajista. Kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran al’ummomin Afirka da yawa, tsarin mulkin ƙasa da yawan cin hanci da rashawa na ci gaba da zama manyan ƙalubale ga Najeriya.
  • Mulkin Farar Hula Da Jamhuriya Ta Biyu

    Mulkin Farar Hula Da Jamhuriya Ta Biyu

    A shekara ta 1977, an zaɓi majalisun dokoki don tsara sabon kundin tsarin mulki, wanda aka buga a ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1978, lokacin da aka ɗage dokar hana yin siyasa. A shekarar 1979, jam’iyyun siyasa guda biyar sun fafata a jerin zaɓuka inda aka zabi ALHAJI SHEHU SHAGARI na jam’iyyar National Party of Nigeria (NPN).
    Obasanjo cikin aminci, ya miƙa mulki zuwa Shagari, ya zama shugaban ƙasa na farko a Tarihin Najeriya da son ransa ya sauka. Dukkanin jam’iyyun guda biyar sun sami wakilci a Majalisar Kasar. A watan Agusta 1983 aka dawo da Shagari da NPN kan madafan iko yayin gagarumar nasara, tare da mafi yawan kujerun Majalisar Wakilai da kuma ikon gwamnatocin jihohi 12.
    Amma tashin hankalin da rikice-rikice da zargin maguɗi da maguɗin zaɓe ya haifar da taƙaddama kan doka a kan sakamakon. A babban zaɓen da aka sanya a shekarar 1979, an zaɓi Alhaji Shehu Shagari kan dandamali na NPN.
    Tun daga 1979, ‘yan Najeriya suka shiga cikin komawar dimokradiyya lokacin da Olusegun Obasanjo ya miƙa mulki ga farar hula na mulkin Shehu Shagari. A ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1979, aka rantsar da Shehu Shagari a matsayin Shugaba na farko da Babban Kwamandan Rundunar Sojin Tarayyar Najeriya.
    Sojojin sun yi shirin dawo da mulkin farar hula, suna ta aiwatar da matakan tabbatar da cewa jam’iyyun siyasa suna da cikakken goyon baya fiye da yadda aka shaida a lokacin Jamhuriyyar farko. Gwamnatin Shagari ta zama kamar cin hanci da rashawa ta kusan dukkan sassan al’umman Nijeriya. A shekara ta 1983 masu binciken kwastomomin Kamfanin Man Fetur na Najeriya (NNPC) sun fara lura da “jinkirin da guba ya yiwa ruwan ƙasar nan”. Amma akwai rashin tabbas, irin su jamhuriya ta farko, shugabannin siyasa za su iya yin shugabanci yadda ya kamata wanda zai sake kawo sabbin shugabannin mulkin soja.
  • ‘Yancin Kai Da Jamhuriya Ta Farko A Nijeriya (1960-1966)

    ‘Yancin Kai Da Jamhuriya Ta Farko A Nijeriya (1960-1966)

    Nijeriya ta samu ‘yanci daga ƙasar Ingila a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1960, a matsayin Tarayyar Nijeriya, yayin da ta rike sarautar Ingila, Elizabeth ta II, a matsayin shugabar ƙasa mai martaba da Sarauniyar Nijeriya.
    Gwamnatin ƙasa Najeriya mai zaman kanta haɗin gwuiwar jam’iyyun ne masu ra’ayin mazan jiya: Kungiyar Hadin Kan Arewa (NPC) ƙarƙashin jagorancin SIR AHMADU BELLO, wata jam’iyya ce dake da rinjaye da Musulman Arewa, kuma Igbo da Kiristocin dake ƙarƙashin majalisar wakilan Nijeriya da Kamaraons (NCNC) ƙarƙashin jagorancin Nnamdi Azikiwe.
    Azikiwe ya maye gurbin janar-janar kan mulkin mallaka a watan Nuwamba 1960. ‘Yan adawar sun haɗa da wata kungiya mai sassaucin ra’ayi, wacce aka fi sani da Yarbawa da kuma Obafemi Awolowo. A lokacin ‘yancin kai, bambance-bambancen al’adu da siyasa sun ƙaru sosai a tsakanin ƙabilun dake da rinjaye a Nijeriya: Hausa-Fulani (Baƙi), Igbo (Baƙi’) da Yarbawa (‘Yammacin Turai).
    An ƙirƙiro rashin daidaituwa a cikin tsarin, sakamakon fatawar 1961. Kudancin Kamaru (tun daga masu raba gari da sunan Ambazonia) ya zaɓi shiga Jamhuriyar Kamaru, yayin da Kamarawan Arewa, suka zaɓi ci gaba da zama a Najeriya. Yankin Arewacin kasar sannan ya zama ya yi girma fiye da yankin Kudu.
    A shekarar 1963, Nijeriya ta zama Jumhuriya, tare da Azikiwe a zaman shugabanta na farko. Lokacin da aka gudanar da zaɓe a shekarar 1965, Jam’iyyar National Democratic Party ta hau karagar mulki a Yankin Yammacin Nijeriya.
  • Nijeriya A 1903 Tarihin Nijeriya Kashi Na (4)

    Nijeriya A 1903 Tarihin Nijeriya Kashi Na (4)

    A cikin shekarar 1903, nasarar da Turawan Ingila suka yi, a yaƙin Kano, ya ba su damar dabaru wajen kwantar da zuciyar Masarautar Sakkwato, da wasu sassa na tsohuwar Daular Bornu. A ranar 13 ga Maris, 1903, a farfajiyar kasuwar Sakkwato, Vizier na karshe na Khalifancin ya amince da sarautar Ingila.
    Masarautar Burtaniya ta naɗa Muhammadu Attahiru II a matsayin sabon Halifa. Fredrick Lugard ya kawar da Khalifanci, amma ya riƙe matsayin Sultan a matsayin salama a sabuwar ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin Arewacin Nijeriya. Wannan ragowar ya zama sananne da “Majalisar Sarkin Musulmi ta Sakkwato”. A watan Yuni na shekarar 1903, Turawan Ingila suka ci ragowar sojojin Attahiru I suka kashe shi; ya zuwa 1906 tsayayya da mulkin Ingila ya ƙare.
    A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1914, Birtaniyya ta haɗa kai da Kudancin Najeriya ta tare da Arewacin Nijeriya a cikin Kaftin da Nijeriya. A gwamnatance, Najeriya ta kasance cikin rarrabuwa a Tsakanin Arewacin da Kudanci da kuma Legas. Mazauna yankin na Kudu sun ci gaba da hulɗa, da tattalin arziƙi da al’adu, tare da Birtaniyya da sauran Turai don tattalin arzikin bakin teku.
    A 1953 tambari tare da hoton Sarauniya Elizabeth II Makarantun Kiristoci sun kafa cibiyoyin ilmi na Yammaci. A ƙarƙashin manufar Biritaniya na mulkin kai tsaye, da kuma tabbatar da al’adar Musulunci, Crown bai karfafa ayyukan masarautan kirista a Arewaci ba, sashen Musulunci na ƙasar.
    Wasu Oban Kudu sun sami zuwa Burtaniya don neman karatu. Bayan samun ‘yanci a shekarar 1960, bambance-bambance na yanki a cikin damar samun ilmin zamani, ya zama alama. Gasar, koda yake ba ta faɗi ƙima ba, ta ci gaba har zuwa yau. Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin Arewa da Kudu ya bayyana a rayuwar siyasar Nijeriya kuma.
    Misali, Arewacin Nijeriya ba ta haramtawa bawa ba, har sai a shekarar 1936 yayin da a sauran sassan Nijeriya aka soke bautar ba, da jimawa ba, bayan mulkin mallaka.
    Bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, saboda martabar ci gaban ƙasan Nijeriya da buƙatuwar samun ‘yanci, gundumomin da suka sami nasara daga masarautar Burtaniya, sun sa Nijeriya ta zama mai cin gashin kanta a kan wakili kuma tana ƙaruwa da tsarin tarayya.
    A tsakiyar karni na 20, wani babban yunƙuri na ‘yanci ya mamaye duk fadin Afirka. Nijeriya ta samu ‘yanci a shekarar 1960.
  • Zamanin Mulkin Mallaka (1500-1800) Tarihin Nijeriya kashi Na Biyu(2)

    Zamanin Mulkin Mallaka (1500-1800) Tarihin Nijeriya kashi Na Biyu(2)

    Tarihin Nijeriya (1500-1818)
    A cikin ƙarni na 16, masu binciken Ƙasar Portugal su ne mutanen farko na Turawa da suka fara kasuwanci kai tsaye, tare da mutanen Kudancin Nijeriya, a tashar jiragen ruwa da suka sanyawa suna Legas da kuma a Calabar ta yankin Slave Coast. Turawa sun yi ciniki tare da mutane a bakin tekun; Kasuwancin bakin teku tare da Turawa har ila yau, alama ce ta farkon kasuwancin bayi na Atlantika.
    Tashar  jiragen ruwa ta Calabar, a kan tarihin Bida na Biafra (wanda yanzu ana kiranta da Bight of Bonny) ya zama ɗayan manyan kasuwancin bayi a Yammacin Afirka, a zamanin cinikin bayi. Sauran manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa a Nijeriya sun kasance ne a Badagry, Legas a kan Bight of Benin da kuma a tsibirin Bonny a kan Bight of Biafra.
    Mafi yawan waɗanda aka bautar da su zuwa wannan mashigan jirgin an kama su a cikin hare-hare da yaƙe-yaƙe. Yawancin lokaci ana mayar da fursunoni zuwa yankin masu nasara a matsayin tilasta masu aiki; bayan lokaci, a wasu lokuta ana tattara su, kuma su shiga cikin jama’ar masu nasara. An samar da hanyoyi da yawa na bayi a cikin Nijeriya waɗanda ke haɗa wuraren dake bakin teku da manyan tashoshin teku.
    Wasu daga cikin mafi muhimmancin masarautun kasuwanci, waɗanda suka shiga cikin kasuwancin bayi, sun kasance suna da alaƙa da Daular Edo ta Benin a Kudu, Masarautar Oyo a Kudu maso Yamma, da kuma  Conferaeracy a Kudu maso Gabas. Beninarfin Benin ya ƙare tsakanin ƙarni na 15 zuwa na 19.
    Nasarar mulkinsu ya kai har zuwa garin Eko (wani sunan Edo daga baya ya canza ta zuwa Legas daga Fotigal) da ƙari. Oyo, a iyakar yankinta a karshen karni na 17 zuwa farkon ƙarni na 18, ya faɗaɗa tasirinsa daga yammacin Nijeriya zuwa Togo. Masarautar Edo ta Benin tana cikin Kudu maso Yammacin Nijeriya.
    A Arewaci, gwagwarmaya tsakanin jihohin Hausawa da ragowar Daular Bornu ya haifar da ƙungiyar Fulani ta shiga cikin yankin. Har zuwa wannan lokaci, Fulani wata ƙabila ce mai kiwo, da farko sun bi yankin Sahelian na hamada, dake Arewacin Sudan, da satar shanu da kauce wa ciniki da kuma yin shisshigi tare da mutanen Sudan, A farkon ƙarni na 19, Usman Ɗan Fodio ya jagoranci gwagwarmaya da nasara a kan masarautun Hausa, waɗanda aka kafa cibiyar Sakkwatocin Sakkwato (wanda kuma ake kira Daular Masarautar Fulani).
    Daular tare da Larabci a matsayin harshenta, na haɓaka cikin sauri a ƙarƙashin mulkinsa da na zuriyarsa, waɗanda ke aika mayaƙa ta kowane ɓangare. Manyan daulolin da suka mamaye yankin sun haɗa Gabas da yankin Yammacin Sudan sannan suka sanya Kudu zuwa wasu yankunan Daular Oyo ,suka kuma wuce zuwa yankin Yarbawa na Ibadan, tare da burin isa tekun Atlantika.
    Iyakokin da masarautar ta ƙunsa ya ƙunshi yawancin Arewacin yau a tsakiyar Nijeriya. Sarkin Musulmi ya aike da sarakuna don kafa madawwamiyar iko a kan yankuna da aka ci da yaƙi da kuma bunƙasa wayewar Musulunci, bi da bi kuma sarakunan sun sami wadata da ƙarfi duk da cewa kasuwanci da bautar. Ya zuwa shekara ta 1890, mafi yawan bayi a duniya, kusan miliyan biyu, an mai da hankali ne ga yankuna na Sakkwato. Yin amfani da bautar bayi ya yawaita, musamman a aikin gona. Har ya zuwa lokacin da ta wargaje a cikin shekarar 1903 zuwa ga masarautun Turai daban-daban, Masarautar Sakkwato ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙasashen Afirka da suka yi mulkin mallaka a baya.
  • Tarihin Farko Na Nijeriya (1500 BC- 500 AD)

    Tarihin Farko Na Nijeriya (1500 BC- 500 AD)

    Aikin wayewar Nok na Nijeriya ya bunƙasa ne tsakanin 1,500 BC zuwa AD 200. Ya samar da adadi mai ɗauke da sikandire na rayuwa waɗanda wasu daga cikin fitattun zane-zane ne a Afirka, bayan Sahara. da baƙin ƙarfe kusa da 550 a ƙarni da suka gabata.
    Haka nan an gano alamun fashewar ƙarfe a wuraren Nsukka na Kudu maso Gabashin Nijeriya: tun daga 2000 BC a wurin Lejja (Uzomaka 2009) kuma zuwa 750 BC da kuma a wurin Opi. Masarautar Nri na mutanen Igbo sun haɗu a ƙarni na 10, kuma ya ci gaba har sai da ya rasa ikon mallaka ga Britishan Ingila a 1911. Eze Nri ya mallaki Nri, kuma birni Nri shi ne asalin al’adun Igbo. Nri da Aguleri, inda tatsuniyar halittar Igbo ta samo asali, suna cikin yankin ƙabilar Umeuri. Wakilan dangin sun samo asalinsu ne daga ɗan asalin sarki Eri.
    A Yammacin Afrika, tsofaffin tagulla da aka yi amfani da su, ta hanyar ɓace-ɓarnar sun kasance daga Igbo-Ukwu, birni wanda ke ƙarƙashin ikon Nri.
    Masarautar Yarbawa ta Ife da Oyo dake Kudu maso Yammacin Nijeriya sun yi fice a ƙarni na 12 da 14th bi da bi. Alamu mafi tsufa game da yarjejeniyar mutum a tashar Ife ta yanzu, sun kasance har zuwa karni na 9, kuma al’adun kayanta sun haɗa da lambobin terra cotta da tagulla.
    Tarihin na Kano ya ba da tarihin tsohuwar tarihi da ta fara kusan shekara 999 AD na masarautar Sahel ta jihar Kano, tare da sauran manyan biranen Hausa (ko kuma Hausa Bakwai) na: DAURA, HADEJIA, KANO, Katsina, ZAZZAU, RANO, da GOBIR duk suna da rubuce-rubucen tarihin da suka gabata tun ƙarni na 10. Tare da yaɗuwar addinin Musulunci daga ƙarni na 7 AD, yankin ya zama sananne a Sudan ko Bilad Al Sudan (Ingilishi: Land of the Blacks; Arabic: بلاد السودان). Tun da yawan mutanen suna da alaƙa da al’adun Musulmin Larabawa na Arewacin Afirka, sun fara kasuwanci kuma masu magana da Larabci suna kiran su Al-Sudan (ma’ana “The Blacks”) kamar yadda ake ɗaukar su  a wani ɓangare na musulmin duniya.
    Akwai rubutattun bayanai na farko da tsoffin masana tarihi da Larabawan Musulunci da masana kimiya na yanki, waɗanda suka ambaci Daular Kanem-Bornu a matsayin manyan yankuna na wayewar musulunci. Wataƙila Masarautun Hausawa dake da alaƙa, sun ƙulla hulɗar kasuwanci tare da Daular Bornu, wanda ya zama mai wadatar arziƙi a matsayin babbar cibiyar jigilar ‘yan bautar Zanj na Afirka da aka kama tare da cinikin bayi na Larabawa. Sarakunan Hausawa wataƙila sun ba da al’umar Sudan a matsayin wata ƙasa mai ba da gudummawa ga daular Bornu don hana yaƙi da Daular.
  • Taƙaitaccen Bayani A kan Nijeriya

    Taƙaitaccen Bayani A kan Nijeriya

    Nijeriya ƙasar tarayya ce da take da jihohi 36 da Babban birni tarayya guda (1). Kowace jiha rukuni ce ta siyasa mai cin gashin kanta, wanda take raba iko tare da Gwamnatin Tarayya kamar yadda aka lissafta a cikin Tsarin Mulkin Tarayyar na Nijeriya.

    Babban birnin tarayya, wanda aka sani da Federal Capital Terittory (FCT), shi ne babban birnin tarayyar Nijeriya, kuma yana cikin garin Abuja.

    FCT ba jiha ba ce, amma ana gudanar da ita ne ta hanyar zababbun jami’an da ke Kula da Gwamnatin Tarayya.

    Kowane yanki ya kasu kashi-kashi zuwa ƙananan hukumomi (LGAs). A halin yanzu akwai jimilar ƙananan hukumomi 774 a Nijeriya. A ƙarƙashin Kundin Tsarin Mulki. Jihohi 36 suna da daidaituwa amma ba maɗaukakiya ba, saboda ikon mallaka, yana tare da Gwamnatin Tarayya.

    Majalisar ƙasa za ta iya yin gyara ga kundin tsarin mulki, amma dole a kawo sauyi kowane kashi biyu bisa uku na jihohi 36 na tarayya.

    Domin sanin cikekken bayani a kan Nijeriya danna nan