Jagoran Noman Masara A Nijeriya

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Gabatarwa

Masara tana ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gonar da aka fi nomawa a Najeriya. Ita ce ta fi sauran amfanin gona yawan faɗin ƙasa da ake noma ta. Noman masara yana ƙara bunƙasa a Najeria sakamakon ƙaruwar fasaha da dabarun noma. Masara ita ce abinci mafi muhimmanci ga jama’a, dabbobi da masana’antu a Najeriya.

Sama da manoma miliyan hamsin (50m) ke noman masara da kuma mutane miliyan casa’in a wajen sarrafa ta da amfani na yau da kullum.

Yanayin Da Masara ke Buƙata

  • Masara tana buƙatar yanayin mai ɗumi
  • Matsakaicin yanayin zafi = 20 zuwa 35 0C
  • Masara ba ta son yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa da 30 0C
  • Yawan ruwan sama da masara ke buƙata = Mili-mita ɗari biyar zuwa ɗari tara

Aikace Aikacen Noman Masara

  • Ka zaɓi wurin da ba ya riƙe ruwa kuma mai nagarta.
  • Ka kaucewa wuri mai tudu da kwari mai riƙe ruwa
Hoto na Ɗaya: Wurin da ya dace da noman Masara
  • Sassaɓe gonarka kuma ka ƙona sharar
  • Ka yi kaftu sannan harrow da tantan ko shanun huda
  • Ka ja kunnyoyi da tazarar 75cm tsakanin kunya da kunya.

Gyaran Gona

Zaɓin Irin Shuka

  • Ka zaɓi ingantaccen Iri.
  • Ingantaccen iri yana jure wa cututtuka da ƙwari.
  • Ingantaccen iri yana bayar da amfani mai yawa
Hoto na huɗu: Irirrikan Masara

Yawan irin da zai shuka Kadada ɗaya

  • Kilo giram 15-20 ake buƙata don shuke kadada ɗaya.

Wankin Iri

  • A wanke iri kafin shuka da maganin da ake kira Apron plus ko ire-iren shi.
  • A wanke iri daidai lokacin da za a yi shuka.
  • Fakiti ɗaya na Apron plus (10g) za a wanke kilo 3 na irin masara.

Shuka:

Lokacin Shuka

  • An fi so a yi shuka lokacin da ruwan sama ya kankama, misalin ƙarshen watan Mayu zuwa sati biyu na watan Yuni. (Karshen watan biyar zuwa sati biyu na watan shida).

Yadda Za A Yi Shuka

  • Shuka iri ƙwaya ɗaya a rami mai zurfin santi-mita uku zuwa biyar (3-5cm).
  • Tazara tsakanin tushe da tushe a santi-mita ashirin da biyar (25cm) zai bada tushe 53,200 a kadada.
Hoto na biyar: Yadda ake shukan Masara

Nome Ciyawa

Noma Da Fartanya:

  • Noman farko sati 2 zuwa 3 bayan shuka
  • Noma na biyu sati 5 zuwa 6 bayan shuka

Maganin Ciyawa:

  • Lasso GD                                  Lita 4 zuwa 5 a kadada ɗaya (4-5 lts/ha)
  • Atrazine   Liquid                        Lita 4 zuwa 5 a kadada ɗaya (4-5 lts/ha)
  • Atrazine powder                        Kilo giram 1.5 zuwa 3 a kadada ɗaya (1.5-3kg/ha)
  • Primagram                                  Lita 3 a kadada ɗaya (3lts/ha)
  • Zuba gwangwanin madara biyu zuwa biyu da rabi (2-2.5) na magani a gorar feshi (CP 15) sai ka zuba ruwa lita 15.
  • Fesa magani kwana 1 zuwa 2 da shuka
  • Fesa magani yayin da gonar take da lema

Hoto na shida: Yadda ake feshin maganin ciyawa.

Sa/Zuba Taki

  • Ana saka wa masara taki sau biyu (Sati 2 da Sati 4 – 6) bayan shuka
  • Sa Taki na farko Kamfa (NPK):

Idan 15:15:15 = buhu 8 a kadada ɗaya

Idan 20:10:10 = buhu 6 a kadada ɗaya

  • Sa Taki na biyu mai gishiri (UREA):

Urea 46:0:0 = buhu 2 a kadada ɗaya

  • Ka saka gram 8 na NPK (Kimanin marfin Coca-Cola)
  • Ka tona rami a kusa da tushen masarar (8-10 cm).
Hoto na bakwai: Yadda ake sa taki a Masara

Ban-ƙasa

  • Ka yi ban-ƙasa sati 6 bayan shuka ko da garmar hannu ko ta shanu.
  • Ban-ƙasa yana hana masara ta kwanta, kuma yana rufe jijiyoyin masara.
  • A kula kada a yi wa masara illa lokacin ban-ƙasa.
Hoto na takwas: Ban-ƙasan Masara da shanun huda

Ƙwari da Cututtuka

  • Ƙwari da cututtuka suna rage samun amfani a gonar masara.
  • Shuka da wuri tare da wanke irin masara suna taimakawa wajen rage illar ƙwari da cututtuka.
  • Ana son canja amfani a gona bayan shekaru ana shuka masara.
  • Maize borer = Yana shiga karar masara ko goyonta
  • Grass moth = Yana cinye masara tun tana ƙarama har ta girma.
  • Rootworm beetle = Yana cin jijiyar masara har ta kai ga faɗuwa
  • Maize flea beetle = Yana saka cuta mai suna(bacterial leaf blight).

Cututtukan Masara

  • Maize smut = Tana kama goyon masara sai ta samar da ɓangaren da babu ƙwayar masara
  • Maize rust = Tana saka wani ɓangaren ganyen masara ya zama kamar ya yi tsatsa.
  • Maize anthracnose Tana saka ruɓewar ganye da karan masara.

Hanyoyin Magance Cututtukan Masara

  • Yin shuka a kan lokaci tare da wanke iri yana rage haɗarin cututtuka
  • Shuka ingantaccen iri mai jure cututtuka
  • Kada a shuka masara tsawon lokaci a gona ɗaya
  • Sharan gona da gyaran gona mai kyau, yana taimakawa wajen rage haɗarin cututtuka a masara
  • A yi amfani da maganin ƙwari da ya dace.

Girbi

  • Idan za a yi amfani da masara ɗanya: Sai a girbe ta lokacin da ta yi ƙwari kimanin kwanaki (55-70) bayan shuka.
  • Amma idan ana buƙatar hatsi ne: Sai a bari sai ta bushe sosai, ta yanda za a iya ɓamɓare ta da hannu ko da injin casa.

Ajiyar Masara

  • A shanya masara ta bushe kafin a ajiye.
  • A yi amfani da magungunan ajiya irin su: Actellic 2 % DP, Phosoxin da sauransu.
  • Actellic 2 % DP = giram 300 zuwa 500 a buhu mai nauyin kilo giram 100.
  • Phosoxin = Saka ƙwaya biyu a kowane buhu mai nauyin kilo giram 100.
  • A yi ajiya a wuri mai samun iska.

Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Jagoran Noman Farin Wake danna nan.

Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Yadda Ake Tsaba Da Wake danna nan.

labarin da ya wuceTambayoyin Ramadan (117) Tare Da Amshoshin Su
Labarin na GabaYadda Ake Amsa Wa Kafiri Idan Yayi Sallama
NAERLS
NAERLS na daya daga cikin cibiyoyi 18 na binciken noma na kasa (NARIs) da ke karkashin ma’aikatar noma da raya karkara ta tarayya. Cibiyar tana da alhakin haɓakawa, tattarawa, kimantawa da yada ingantattun sabbin hanyoyin noma da bincike kan hanyoyin haɓakawa da manufofin.