Jagoran Noman Masara A Nijeriya

Daga
NAERLS
-
0
217

Gabatarwa

Masara tana ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gonar da aka fi nomawa a Najeriya. Ita ce ta fi sauran amfanin gona yawan faɗin ƙasa da ake noma ta. Noman masara yana ƙara bunƙasa a Najeria sakamakon ƙaruwar fasaha da dabarun noma. Masara ita ce abinci mafi muhimmanci ga jama’a, dabbobi da masana’antu a Najeriya.

Sama da manoma miliyan hamsin (50m) ke noman masara da kuma mutane miliyan casa’in a wajen sarrafa ta da amfani na yau da kullum.

Yanayin Da Masara ke Buƙata

  • Masara tana buƙatar yanayin mai ɗumi
  • Matsakaicin yanayin zafi = 20 zuwa 35 0C
  • Masara ba ta son yanayin zafi ya yi ƙasa da 30 0C
  • Yawan ruwan sama da masara ke buƙata = Mili-mita ɗari biyar zuwa ɗari tara

Aikace Aikacen Noman Masara

  • Ka zaɓi wurin da ba ya riƙe ruwa kuma mai nagarta.
  • Ka kaucewa wuri mai tudu da kwari mai riƙe ruwa
Hoto na Ɗaya: Wurin da ya dace da noman Masara
  • Sassaɓe gonarka kuma ka ƙona sharar
  • Ka yi kaftu sannan harrow da tantan ko shanun huda
  • Ka ja kunnyoyi da tazarar 75cm tsakanin kunya da kunya.

Gyaran Gona

Hoto na biyu: Gyaran gona da tantan
Hoto na uku: Gyaran gona da shanun huda

Zaɓin Irin Shuka

  • Ka zaɓi ingantaccen Iri.
  • Ingantaccen iri yana jure wa cututtuka da ƙwari.
  • Ingantaccen iri yana bayar da amfani mai yawa
Hoto na huɗu: Irirrikan Masara

Yawan irin da zai shuka Kadada ɗaya

  • Kilo giram 15-20 ake buƙata don shuke kadada ɗaya.

Wankin Iri

  • A wanke iri kafin shuka da maganin da ake kira Apron plus ko ire-iren shi.
  • A wanke iri daidai lokacin da za a yi shuka.
  • Fakiti ɗaya na Apron plus (10g) za a wanke kilo 3 na irin masara.

Shuka:

Lokacin Shuka

  • An fi so a yi shuka lokacin da ruwan sama ya kankama, misalin ƙarshen watan Mayu zuwa sati biyu na watan Yuni. (Karshen watan biyar zuwa sati biyu na watan shida).

Yadda Za A Yi Shuka

  • Shuka iri ƙwaya ɗaya a rami mai zurfin santi-mita uku zuwa biyar (3-5cm).
  • Tazara tsakanin tushe da tushe a santi-mita ashirin da biyar (25cm) zai bada tushe 53,200 a kadada.
Hoto na biyar: Yadda ake shukan Masara

Nome Ciyawa

Noma Da Fartanya:

  • Noman farko sati 2 zuwa 3 bayan shuka
  • Noma na biyu sati 5 zuwa 6 bayan shuka

Maganin Ciyawa:

  • Lasso GD                                  Lita 4 zuwa 5 a kadada ɗaya (4-5 lts/ha)
  • Atrazine   Liquid                        Lita 4 zuwa 5 a kadada ɗaya (4-5 lts/ha)
  • Atrazine powder                        Kilo giram 1.5 zuwa 3 a kadada ɗaya (1.5-3kg/ha)
  • Primagram                                  Lita 3 a kadada ɗaya (3lts/ha)
  • Zuba gwangwanin madara biyu zuwa biyu da rabi (2-2.5) na magani a gorar feshi (CP 15) sai ka zuba ruwa lita 15.
  • Fesa magani kwana 1 zuwa 2 da shuka
  • Fesa magani yayin da gonar take da lema

Hoto na shida: Yadda ake feshin maganin ciyawa.

Sa/Zuba Taki

  • Ana saka wa masara taki sau biyu (Sati 2 da Sati 4 – 6) bayan shuka
  • Sa Taki na farko Kamfa (NPK):

Idan 15:15:15 = buhu 8 a kadada ɗaya

Idan 20:10:10 = buhu 6 a kadada ɗaya

  • Sa Taki na biyu mai gishiri (UREA):

Urea 46:0:0 = buhu 2 a kadada ɗaya

  • Ka saka gram 8 na NPK (Kimanin marfin Coca-Cola)
  • Ka tona rami a kusa da tushen masarar (8-10 cm).
Hoto na bakwai: Yadda ake sa taki a Masara

Ban-ƙasa

  • Ka yi ban-ƙasa sati 6 bayan shuka ko da garmar hannu ko ta shanu.
  • Ban-ƙasa yana hana masara ta kwanta, kuma yana rufe jijiyoyin masara.
  • A kula kada a yi wa masara illa lokacin ban-ƙasa.
Hoto na takwas: Ban-ƙasan Masara da shanun huda

Ƙwari da Cututtuka

  • Ƙwari da cututtuka suna rage samun amfani a gonar masara.
  • Shuka da wuri tare da wanke irin masara suna taimakawa wajen rage illar ƙwari da cututtuka.
  • Ana son canja amfani a gona bayan shekaru ana shuka masara.
  • Maize borer = Yana shiga karar masara ko goyonta
  • Grass moth = Yana cinye masara tun tana ƙarama har ta girma.
  • Rootworm beetle = Yana cin jijiyar masara har ta kai ga faɗuwa
  • Maize flea beetle = Yana saka cuta mai suna(bacterial leaf blight).

Cututtukan Masara

  • Maize smut = Tana kama goyon masara sai ta samar da ɓangaren da babu ƙwayar masara
  • Maize rust = Tana saka wani ɓangaren ganyen masara ya zama kamar ya yi tsatsa.
  • Maize anthracnose Tana saka ruɓewar ganye da karan masara.

Hanyoyin Magance Cututtukan Masara

  • Yin shuka a kan lokaci tare da wanke iri yana rage haɗarin cututtuka
  • Shuka ingantaccen iri mai jure cututtuka
  • Kada a shuka masara tsawon lokaci a gona ɗaya
  • Sharan gona da gyaran gona mai kyau, yana taimakawa wajen rage haɗarin cututtuka a masara
  • A yi amfani da maganin ƙwari da ya dace.

Girbi

  • Idan za a yi amfani da masara ɗanya: Sai a girbe ta lokacin da ta yi ƙwari kimanin kwanaki (55-70) bayan shuka.
  • Amma idan ana buƙatar hatsi ne: Sai a bari sai ta bushe sosai, ta yanda za a iya ɓamɓare ta da hannu ko da injin casa.

Ajiyar Masara

  • A shanya masara ta bushe kafin a ajiye.
  • A yi amfani da magungunan ajiya irin su: Actellic 2 % DP, Phosoxin da sauransu.
  • Actellic 2 % DP = giram 300 zuwa 500 a buhu mai nauyin kilo giram 100.
  • Phosoxin = Saka ƙwaya biyu a kowane buhu mai nauyin kilo giram 100.
  • A yi ajiya a wuri mai samun iska.

Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Jagoran Noman Farin Wake danna nan.

Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Yadda Ake Tsaba Da Wake danna nan.

Masu alaƙaWasu daga rubutun marubuci