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  • Rataye Na 1: Waƙar ‘Yar Maye Ta Ahmad Tijjani Gandu

    Rataye Na 1: Waƙar ‘Yar Maye Ta Ahmad Tijjani Gandu

    Ahmad Tijjani Gandu

    ‘Yar Maye ‘yar maye,

    ‘Yar maye ya kamata ki bar shaye-shaye, Shaye-shaye, Ya kamata ki bar shaye-shaye.

    Amshi

    ‘Yar uwa ki lazumci karamci kada ki sa ni na zub da hawaye,

    Ta zamo, mai kayan maye mujiya a cikinsu ƙawaye.

    Namiji

    Ni kalar ki tana burge ni,

    Kina da kyau a cikin mataye,

    Nai zaton ki kina da mutunci,

    Sai na gan ki kina shaye-shaye,

    Ga shi ƙauna ta kuma kullu,

    Ƙafa jikinmu zuwa hannaye,

    Da ina murna na dace,

    Ga shi yanzu ina ta hawaye.

    Mace

    Dakata ka ji labarina,

    Na kasance ‘yar shaye-shaye.

    Kuma iyayena sun nunan,

    Tarbiyyarsu da kyan halaye.

    Yau da gobe a kwana a tashi,

    Saurayi ya kira ni kiranye.

    Shi ya ce na raka shi wurin party,

    Can na tadda dukan ‘yan maye.

    Namiji

    Na ji zancan yai mini muni,

    Duk da dai na so ki a ɓoye.

    Yanzu ne na fito in gaya maki,

    ‘Yar’uwa buɗe kunnaye.

    Shi halin da kike kai yanzu,

    Bai da kyau a cikin sunaye.

    Shawara ce yau zan ba ki,

    Ya kamata ki bar shaye-shaye.

    Mace

    Ni fa zancena a taƙaice,

    Ba na so ka gaya wa ƙawaye.

    In kana so mu yi soyayya,

    Za mu yi amma fa a ɓoye.

    Ga waya ta sai ka buga mini,

    Za ka ganni ina nanaye,

    Kar ka damu ka bi ni masoyi,

    Kar ka ce in bar Shaye-shaye

    Amshi

    ‘Yar Maye ‘yar maye,

    ‘Yar maye ya kamata ki bar shaye-shaye, Shaye-shaye, Ya kamata ki bar shaye-shaye.

    Namiji

    Hafsa ke na riƙa zan aura,

    Taimake ni ki bar shaye-shaye.

    Kuma ki tuba zuwa Allahu,

    Yai maza shi yai mataye,

    Hailala da Salati sannan,
    Tarbiyya ki yowa iyaye.

    Kuma ki kamu da istigifari,

    Ba ƙawa da dukan ‘yan maye.

    Mace

    So da ƙauna ta kama ni,

    Ɗan uwa mai kyan halaye.

    Tarbiyyarka tana burge ni,

    Kai daban da zubin wawaye.

    Ko ina na yi sai a gaya min,

    An gan ka kana ta hawaye.

    Mai kake so in maka sahibi,

    Ba ni son ka da zubda hawaye.

     

    Na bi na ɗauka kuma ɗan uwa,

    Karɓi wannan share hawaye.

    Ga jikina har ya canja,

    Nai daban a cikin mataye.

    Da ana ta kira na Hafsat,

    Yanzu na koma ‘yar maye.

    Na shiga uku wayyo Allah,

    Dan’uwa saitan halaye.

    Namiji

    Hafsa ɗan natsu kadda ki damu,

    Rabbi zai yafe halaye,

    Tun da dai kin daina babu ji,

    Yau ido ya daina hawaye,

    Godiya gun Sarkin Allah,

    Shi ya gyara dukan halaye,

    Mu yi zaman aure da mutunci,

    Mun shigo hanyar angwaye.

    Danna nan don karanta Illolin Shaye-Shaye

    Wannan bayani an ciro shi ne daga littafin Mata Da Shaye-shayen Kayan Maye: Ina Mafita? Wanda Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino MON ya wallafa.

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Halin Da Ake Ciki Yanzu Dangane Da Allurar Tazarar Haihuwa Ga Maza (CURRENT STATUS OF MALE INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES)

    Halin Da Ake Ciki Yanzu Dangane Da Allurar Tazarar Haihuwa Ga Maza (CURRENT STATUS OF MALE INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES)

    Akwai jita-jitar cewa an kammala gwaji ko kuma ana kan hanya wajen samar da allurar hana haihuwa ga maza. Wannan gaskiya ne cewa ana gudanar da bincike, amma har yanzu babu wata allura da aka amince da ita a duniya domin yin tazarar haihuwa ga maza.

    Wasu daga cikin alluran da aka fi duba yiwuwar yin amfani da su, sun haɗa da:

    1. Reversible Inhibition of Sperm Under Guidance (RISUG) a Indiya, wacce ta ƙunshi ɗura ruwan magani mai maiƙo a cikin bututun ajiyar maniyyi (injecting gel into vas deferens). Amma har yanzu wannan dabarar ba ta samu amincewa daga hukumomin lafiya na duniya ba.

    2. Allurar sinadarin testosterone da progestin wacce take hana samar da ruwa da ‘ya’yan maniyyi. A shekarar 2016, wani bincike na hukumar kula da lafiya ta duniya (World Health Organization – WHO) ya dakatar da yin wannan gwajin saboda zai haifar illolin da suka haɗa da fushi, baƙin ciki, taɓin hankali, da matsalar ƙarancin sha’awa ga maza, illolin da suka fi na alluran tazarar haihuwa na mata muni.

    MATAKAN SAMAR DA MAGANI (STAGES OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT)

    Domin fahimtar dalilin da yasa ba a samu nasarar fitar da alluran tazarar haihuwa na maza ba, ya kamata a fahimci matakai guda shida waɗanda ake bi kafin a ƙirƙiro magani har ya fita kasuwa:

    1. Gwajin yin amfani da maganin a cikin ɗakin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya da dabba (discovery and preclinical lab testing using guinea pigs) – Ana yin sa ne don a fahimci ingancinsa da yadda yake aiki, amma a jikin dabba.

    2. Gwaji a mataki na farko (Phase I Trials) – A jikin mutane kaɗan, wato marasa yawa, don tabbatar da ingancinsa a kan lafiyar mutanen.

    3. Gwaji a mataki na biyu (Phase II Trials) – Ana yin gwajin ne ga mutane masu buƙata don a duba inganci da illolinsa a jikinsu.

    4. Gwaji a mataki na uku (Phase III Trials) – Gwaji mai faɗi ta hanyar ƙara yawan jama’ar da za a yi gwajin a kansu don tantance amfanin maganin da illolinsa a jikinsu.

    5. Amincewa daga hukumomin lafiya (Regulatory review and approval) – Hukumomi, kamar NAFDAC a Nigeria ko FDA a America, za su bayar da sanarwar amincewa da maganin a hukumance, domin mutane su cigaba da yin amfani da shi.

    6. Bibiya bayan an fara amfani da maganin (Post marketing surveillance) – Don cigaba da sa ido a kan illolinsa.

    Yawancin alluran tazarar haihuwa na maza da ake ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirowa suna kasa samun nasarar gwajin ne tun a mataki na biyu ko na uku saboda mummunan sakamakon da suke nunawa ga lafiyar maza, ko rashin daidaiton sakamakon (inconsistent test results).

    DALILIN DA YASA ALLURAN TAZARAR HAIHUWA NA MATA SUKA FI DACEWA DA JIKIN MATAN (REASONS THAT FEMALE INJECTABLE.CONTRACEPTIVES REMAIN MORE SUITABLE)

    1. Jikin mace ya fi sauƙin sarrafa sinadaran estrogen da progesterone, saboda tsarin al’ada na halittar jikin mace yana aiki da sinadaran estrogen da progesterone ɗin ne, wanda ake iya kwaikwayon su cikin sauƙi da magunguna. Allurar tazarar haihuwa ta mata tana hana mace yin ovulation cikin sauƙi da aminci, kuma illolinta sun daɗe ana yin nazari a kansu, kuma ana iya sarrafa su.

    2. A jikin namiji kuwa, ana samar da miliyoyin ‘ya’yan maniyyi a kullum, waɗanda in har za a yi amfani da allurai na tazarar haihuwa domin rage yawansu, to, hakan yana nufin sai dai a dakatar da samar da su gaba ɗaya, wannan abu ne mai wahala da hatsari.

    ILLOLIN DA ZA SU IYA BIYO BAYAN AMFANI DA ALLURAN TAZARAR HAIHUWA GA NAMIJI (POTENTIAL REGRETS AND CONSEQUENCES OF MALE INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES)

    Idan aka gaggauta yin amfani da su ba tare da yin cikakken bincike ba, to, ana iya fuskantar matsaloli kamar:

    1. Matsalar rashin haihuwa ta dindindin (permanent infertility) – Saboda hana samar da ‘ya’yan maniyyi na dogon lokaci yana iya lalata ƙwayar haihuwa har abada.

    2. Taɓarɓarewar hankali da rashin daidaiton zubar ruwan sinadarai (mood disorders and hormonal imbalances) – Hakan yana iya haddasa damuwa, fushi da cututtukan zuciya.

    3. Ƙarin hatsari ga dangantakar aure – Mace tana iya ɗaukan cewa an ɗauki matakin hana haihuwa alhali namiji yana fama da illoli ko ya manta. Daga nan sai ciki ya samu ba tare da an shirya masa ba.

    Wani bincike da aka wallafa a “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” ya nuna cewa yin amfani da sinadaran testosterone da progestin yana iya aikin samar da tazarar haihuwa ga maza, amma yana haddasa hawan jini, lalacewar hanta, da hauhawar kitse (cholesterol).

    SHAWARA GA YAN’UWANA MATA

    Ya kamata mu kasance cikin shiri da fahimta. Duk da cewa alhakin yin tazarar haihuwa ya rataya ga maza suma, yana da muhimmanci mu san cewa jikin mace ne yafi dacewa da irin waɗannan magunguna, tunda an ɗauki dogon lokaci ana yin nazarin su kuma an riga an tabbatar da ingancinsu.

    Idan aka gaggauta yin amfani da alluran tazarar haihuwa na maza ba tare da cikakken bincike da tabbatar da ingancinsu ba, to, duniya za ta yi nadama kamar yadda aka yi da wasu magunguna a tarihi.

    Har zuwa lokacin da aka samu cikakken gwaji da tabbatar da ingancinsu, alluran tazarar haihuwa na mata su ne mafi aminci da sahihanci.

    Danna nan don karanta Rashin Kawowar Mace A Lokacin Jima’i (ANORGASMIA)

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Illolin Shaye-Shaye

    Illolin Shaye-Shaye

    Shaye-shayen miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da illoli masu ɗimbin yawa ga mashayansu. Wasu daga cikin waɗanṇan illoli kan shafi dangin mashayan da ma al’umma baki ɗaya. Masu shan ƙwayoyi ko kayan da suke sa su maye suna fuskantar matsaloli iri-iri. Misalin wasu daga ciki su ne:

    • Rashin tsayar da ibada (Bauta wa Allah)
    • Gushewar hankali
    • Ɗaukar cututtuka
    • Shiga mummunan hali
    • Mummunar kama
    • Aukar da fyaɗe
    • Shiga haɗari
    • Yin sata
    • Yin fashi
    • Kura daga makaranta
    • Rasa aiki
    • Shiga ƙungiyoyin asiri
    • Rasa rayuwa
    • Yawan haɗura a kan abubuwan hawa
    • Mutuwar fuju’a (mutuwar fad-daya)
    • Mutuwar aure da sauransu.

    In muka ɗauki batun mutuwar aure da shaye-shayen abubuwan sa maye suke haifarwa, za mu tabbatar da hakan babbar illa ce in muka karanta waɗannan labarai guda biyu da suka faru a wasu gidajen ma’aurata:

    1. Wata matar aure ce wadda take shaye-shaye amma mijinta bai sani ba, kullum sai ta sha wani magani ta yi ta barci, amma shi mijinta bai gane ba cewa maganin maye ne, kullum ya same ta tana barci sai ta ce ai mura ce ta yi mata babban kamu. In kuma ya ce a kai ta asibiti sai ta ce a a, ai tana samun sauƙi, ko kuma ta ce ai likitoci ne suke cewa mai mura ya dinga samun barci shi ne maganin mura.

    Da abu ya yi nisa miji ya ga barci ya ƙi ƙarewa, sai ya fara damuwa. Da dubu ta cika sai wata rana dalili ya kai shi duba ƙarƙashin kujeru, nan fa ya ga tarin maganin mura da tari turmis, a ranar ne  ya gane cewa maganin nan ba don mura take sha ba, dọn maye kawai take shan sa.

    Da aka matsa bincike sai da aka gano wasu kwalaye da kwalabe a cikin ma’ajiyar tufafinsu. Ana cikin haka kuma sai mai kantin sayar da magani na unguwarsu ya turo a ba shi kuɗin maganin da matar take aikawa tana karɓowa bashi. Wannan shaye-shaye ne sanadiyyar mutuwar auren.

    2. Shi kuma wani ango da aka yi masa rufa-rufa ya auri ‘yar maye, kullum gidansa cike da ‘yan mata, kuma abin da ke kawo su shi ne su haɗu da amaryar su yi ta shaye- shayen ƙwayoyi da magungunan mura da tari da kuma tabar wiwi.

    Kuma har faɗa ake yi a gidan nasa, wanda haka ya dami maƙobtansa suka gaya masa, shi kuma ya cewa matarsa ba ya son wannan tara ƙawaye da take yi. Kai abu dai ya ƙi daɗi kullum tashin hankali shi da matar, har dai aure ya rabu, an zo kwashe kaya ya ga kwalaben magungunan mura da na tari da kwalayen magunguna sun kai guda ɗari uku.

    Bayan haka kuma, wasu daga cikin fasiƙai mata ko maza suna amfani da ire-iren waɗannan magunguna wajen juyar da hankalin ‘yan mata don su yi lalata da su, wato su yi zina da su ko maɗigo, ko masu yin luwaɗi su yi da su, musamman idan sun neme su cikin girma da arziki suka ƙi yarda, to sai su yi amfani da waɗannan magunguna a cikin lemo ko wani abin sha, da zarar sun sha, shi ke nan sai su sami damar yin abin da suke son yi da su.

    Don karanta Wasu Wuraren da Aka fi Koyon Shan Kayan Maye danna nan

    Wannan bayani an ciro shi ne daga littafin Mata Da Shaye-shayen Kayan Maye: Ina Mafita? Wanda Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino MON ya wallafa.

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Wasu Wuraren da Aka fi Koyon Shan Kayan Maye

    Wasu Wuraren da Aka fi Koyon Shan Kayan Maye

    Wasu daga cikin masu sha da kuma waɗanda suke zaune da masu shan ƙwayoyin, musamman mata, sun bayyana an fi koyon waɗannan shaye-shaye a waɗannan wurare:

    • Wajen liyafa (party) wato taron mata da maza a wajen biki
    • Zuwa kwana gidan ƙawaye masu shaye-shaye
    • Zuwa wajen zaman ‘yan daba
    • Wuraren kallon wasanni
    • Zama direban ‘yan maye (a bisa hanya yayin tafiya cikin adaidaita-Sahu ko akan babur Acaɓa
    • Zaman makarantun kwana, a sakandare ko gaba da sakandire, kamar jami’o’i da manyan kwalejoji da cuɗanya da ɗalibai masu shaye-shaye a makarantar, a gida Nijeriya da kuma a ƙasashen waje
    • Gidajen biki ko suna
    • Ƙananan da manyan otal-otal
    • Filin dambe
    • Gidajin wasannin kwaikwayo na daɓe da gala
    • Wuraren da ake yin sababbin gine-gine (kangwaye)
    • Tashoshin mota
    • Wuraren masu gyaran motoci da Babura
    • Gidajen saukar baki
    • Sababbin gidaje da ke wajen gari da sauransu

    Domin karanta Hanyoyin Ta’ammali Da Kayan Maye danna nan

    Wannan bayani an ciro shi ne daga littafin Mata Da Shaye-shayen Kayan Maye: Ina Mafita? Wanda Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino MON ya wallafa.

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

     

  • Bikin Kamun Kifi

    Bikin Kamun Kifi

    GABATARWA
    Bikin Kamun Kifi na daga cikin muhimman al’adun gargajiya da suka shahara a Arewacin Najeriya, musamman a cikin masarautar Argungun da ke jihar Kebbi. Wannan biki na da tsohon tarihi da aka soma tun a shekarar 1934 lokacin da mai alfarma Sarki Hassan Ɗan Ma’azu ya karɓi baƙuncin sarkin Musulmi.

    A wancan lokacin, bikin ya kasance al’adar unguwa, amma daga bisani ya haɓaka ya koma babban biki da ke jan hankalin mutane daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasa da ma ƙasashen waje. Wannan biki ba kawai nishaɗi ba ne, yana kuma nuna ƙwazon masunta da al’adun Hausawa ta hanyar wasanni, hawan daba da dawaki, da kuma gasar kamun kifi.

    TAƘAITACCEN TARIHIN BIKIN KAMUN KIFI

    Kamar yadda aka sani biki ne da aka fara shi tun lokacin mai alfarma sakin musulmi Hassan Ɗan Ma’azu ya ziyarci masarautar Argungun a shekarar 1934, kuma an gudanar da bikin ne don nuna ƙarfin Kabawa da kuma sarkin Kabi sama. Bikin yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan al’adun gargajia a arewacin Najeriya. Bikin yana da daɗaɗɗen tarihi.

    Daga shekarar 1934 har zuwa 1960, bikin ya kasance na garin kawai. Amma a shekarar 1972 ya samu halartar shugaban ƙasar Najeriya, Janar Yakubu Gawan saboda dalilin siyasa, daga bisani bikin bai samu goyon baya ba, kuma babu wani biki da aka shirya daga sherkarar 1999 har zuwa shekarar 2004.

    Daga 2004 bikin ya sake farfaɗowa kuma ya zama babban biki da kuma jan hankalin ‘yan yawon buɗe ido. Zuwa shekarar 2009 bikin ya zama bikin al’adu na duniya. Inda al’umma daban-daban ƙabilu daban-daban. Inda ake haɗa wata babbar hawan daba tare da dawaki 500 da mahayansu, da raƙuma 120 da mahayansu waɗanda ke ɗauke da tutar masarautar Argungun.

    Kamar yadda aka bayyana cewa ana gudanar da bikin duk shekara-shekara, kafin ranar za a shiga ruwa don kamun kifi (Su). Sai an yi sati ana gabatar da wasanni daban-daban waɗanda suka shafi al’adun Hausawa, wasannin sun haɗa da:

    • Wasan harbi da bindiga, kwari da baka, danƙa (gwafawasan kokuwa, dambe
    • Wasan tsere da mota, mashin, keke. Amma waɗannan daga baya aka same su saboda shigowar zamani
    • Wasan tsere na ruwa da kwale-kwale da gora da hannu (iyo) da kuma nitso da sauransu.

    Waɗannan wasanni su ne aka fi gabatarwa a wannan lokacin bikin. Sai wata babbar gasa da ake a wajen kamun kifin, wanda ya kama kifi mafi girma, yana da babbar kyauta mafi tsoka.

    Ranar Kamun Kifi

    Ita ce babbar ranar bikin na ruwa da kowa ke halarta a harabar wurin kamun kifi da masu kallo da masu riƙon kaya da masu kamun kifi duk dai an haɗu a harabar wurin, inda kowa ze nuna baiwarsa da gadon gidansu a wurin.

    Lokacin Shiga Ruwa

    A lokacin shiga ruwa ana shiga ne da safe misain ƙarfe 10:00 na safe zuwa 12:00 na dare. A lokacin ne za ka ga masunta daban-daban, wasu da ƙaramar homa (kitiku), wasu da babbar wasu kuma tsaka-tsaki, wasu kuma suna yin lalube da hannu, kuma kowane masunci yana tare da goransa na sa kifi ko buhu. Za a ga kowane masunci ya ɗaure gorarsa a bayansa.

    Bayan masu su da homa ko lalube sun fita, akwai waɗansu masunta masu amfani da kayan haƙo (tarko), da suke amfani da su wajen kamun kifi. Waɗansu na amfani da ƙugiya, waɗansu kuma na amfani da birgi (taru), wasu kuma kallu (raga) da sauran kayan da ake amfani da su wurin kamun kifi.

    A ranar ne bikin ya zo ƙarshe, lokacin da aka gama gasar kamun babban kifin da yafi kowane kifin da aka kamo girma. Wannan gasa ana sa ta ne don nuna ƙwarewar masunta da kuma ƙara musu kwarin gwuiwa da kuma hoɓɓasa. A wannan gasa ake kyautar kujerar Makka, mota, da maƙuden kuɗi kimanin naira miliyan biyu, bayan ƙananan kyaututtuka da yake samu a gun manyan mutane. Sai kuma wanda ya zo a mataki na biyu, za a ba shi kyautar mota da naira miliyan biyu. kyautar ƙarshe ita ce kyautar mashin.

    IRE–IREN KIFIN DA AKE KAMAWA A RUWAN ARGUNGUN

    Sun haɗa da giwar ruwa, Ranboshi, Kurme a Karwatsa (Gargaza), Goɗai (Gawo), Harya, Tanbuwa, Kuma, Munjirya, ci-hakiya, yanmi. Da suransu.

    IRE–IREN KAYAN KAMUN KIFIN

    Akwai ire-iren kayan kamun kifi da masunta ke amfani da su wajen kamun kifi. Duk da mun ce wasu da hannu suke yi. Ga wasu daga ciki:
    • Gora
    • Homa
    • Ƙugiya
    • Raga ko Kalli
    • Taru
    • Da sauransu

    Sai kuma masu amfani da hannu suna lalube-lalube a ruwan. Ta hakan suke kama kifin.
    Ana samun wasu matsalolin a cikin wannan ruwa, inda wasu ma kan rasa rayukansu sanadin cinkoson mutane, akan taka wasu a cikin ruwan lokacin da suka yi nutso, kafin su taso wasu sun tattaka su, sai su kasa ɗagowa.

    Akwai kuma waɗanda gajiya ce ke sanadiyyar rasuwarsu a ruwan, duk da akwai likitoci da ke zagayawa suna kula da yanayin masuntan da ke cikin ruwa, kuma suna tare da jami’an tsaro na ruwan.

    KAMMALAWA

    Bikin Kamun Kifi wata muhimmiyar al’ada ce da ke tattare da tarihi, al’adu da nishaɗi. Yana ba da dama ga jama’a su haɗu wuri guda domin girmama al’adarsu da nuna bajinta a fagen kamun kifi. Bikin ya zama wata kafa ta jan hankalin masu yawon buɗe ido da kuma haɓaka tattalin arzikin yankin.

    Duk da cewa ana fuskantar wasu ƙalubale irin su cunkoso da haɗurran ruwa, har yanzu bikin na ci gaba da samun karɓuwa da kuma bunƙasa, yana zama abin alfahari ga al’ummar Argungun da Najeriya baki ɗaya.

    MANAZARTA

    Aminu, U. (2009). Tarihin Bikin Kamun Kifi a Masarautar Argungu. Kaduna: Arewa Publishers.
    Ibrahim, M. (2015). Muhimmancin Al’adun Hausawa da Gudunmuwarsu ga Ci gaban Yawon Buɗe Ido. Kano: Gidan Dabino Publishers.
    Yusuf, L. (2012). Al’adun Gargajiya da Gudunmuwarsu ga Tattalin Arziki. Lagos: University Press.
    BBC Hausa (2021). Bikin Kamun Kifi a Argungu ya sake ɗaukar hankalin duniya.[https://www.bbc.com/hausa](https://www.bbc.com/hausa)
    Premium Times Hausa (2020). An kammala bikin Kamun Kifi na bana cikin nasara. [https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com](https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com)
    Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Kebbi State (2020). Annual Argungu Fishing Festival Report.

    Danna nan don karanta Alaƙar Hausa Da Fulatanci

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Misalan Malaman Yarabawa A Ƙarni Na Goma Sha Tara

    Misalan Malaman Yarabawa A Ƙarni Na Goma Sha Tara

    Malaman ƙarni na goma Sha Tara a ƙasashen Yarabawa sun haɗa da:

    • Sheikh Saleh bin Abdulƙadir
    • Sheikh Muhammad al-Busiri
    • Sheikh Harun
    •  Sheikh Abubakar bin Al-Qasim
    • -Malam Ahmad Qifu
    • Malam Usman bin Abubakar

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Wasu Daga Fitattun Malamai A Ƙasar Sakkwato Da Kewayen Ta danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Tarihin Farko Na Nijeriya (1500 BC- 500 AD) danna nan.

    Wannan bayanin an ciro shi ne daga Littafin Tsarin Tsangayun Alƙur’ani A Arewacin Najeriya; Tarihin Su Da Zamantakewar Su Da Hanyoyin Raya Su; wanda Dr. Sunusi Iguda Ƙ/Nasarawa ya wallafa shi; domin karanta cikakken Littafin danna nan.

  • Rashin Kawowar Mace A Lokacin Jima’i (ANORGASMIA)

    Rashin Kawowar Mace A Lokacin Jima’i (ANORGASMIA)

    Akwai matan da suke fahimtar cewa ba su kawowa a lokacin jima’i, wanda ake kira “anorgasmia” a likitance. Domin fahimtar wannan yanayin da kuma tasirinsa, ya kamata mu san menene ake nufi da kawowa a lokacin jima’i, wanda ake kira “ejaculation” ko “releasing” a turance.

    Kawowa shi ne fitar da ruwan maniyyi. Ba dole ba ne ma’aurata su kawo a lokacin jima’i. Sai dai kawowar tana da matuƙar muhimmanci.

    Ga namiji, kawowa tana nuna kai wa ƙololuwar gamsuwarsa da jima’i, sa’annan dole sai ya yi ta sa’annan zai iya yi wa mace ciki, domin ƙwayoyin halittar haihuwarsa (sperm cells) suna a cikin ruwan kawowar ne. Ga mace kuwa, ita ma kawowa tana nuna matuƙar gamsuwarta da jima’i ne, amma ruwan kawowar ta baya ɗauke da ƙwayoyin halittar haihuwarta (ova).

    A kimiyyance, daga lokacin da mace ta balaga zuwa lokacin da al’adarta za ta ɗauke saboda nisan shekaru (menopause), tana samar da ƙwayoyin halittar haihuwarta (ova) kimanin 300,000 zuwa 400,000 waɗanda ba su ƙosa ba (underdeveloped ova).

    Wasu daga cikinsu ne za su ƙosa, kuma za ta riƙa fitar da su a duk bayan lokacin da ta gama al’adarta (ovulation) da kwanaki 13, 14, 15, ko 16. Kafin ɗaukewar al’adarta, za ta yi ovulation kimanin 300 zuwa 400, su kuma sauran ƙwayoyin ova ɗin da ba ta saka su ba, za su narke su bi jikinta, kuma shi ne ake kira “follicular atresia”.

    Abinda nake so in nuna a nan shi ne, ba dole ba ne a duk lokacin da namiji yake jima’i da mace ya zamo sai ta kawo, kuma rashin kawowarta ba zai hana ta samun juna biyu ba. Amma rashin kawowar mijinta zai iya hana ta samun juna biyu. Wani lokacin mace za ta iya kawowa amma ita ba za ta gane ba, sai dai mijinta ya gane. Dalilan da za su iya sanya hakan su ne:

    1. Bambance-bambancen halitta (anatomical differences): Wasu mata ba su jin fitar ruwan saduwar aure daga gabansu saboda bambance-bambancen halittar jijiyoyin lakarsu (nerve endings) ko kuma yadda jikinsu yake sarrafa jin daɗi yayin jima’i.

    2. Tunanin zuciya (psychological factors): Tashin hankali (anxiety), damuwa (stress), ko rashin mayar da hankali ga yadda ake jin daɗi a lokacin jima’i yana iya rage fahimtar fitar da ruwa ko samun inzali ga mace.

    3. Raguwar jin daɗi (reduction of sensitivity): Canje-canjen zubar ruwan sinadaran estrogen da progesterone a cikin jikinta, kamar lokacin da ta haihu, ko lokacin da take shayarwa, ko lokacin da shekarunta suka yi nisa, duk suna iya shafar jin daɗin jima’i kuma ya haifar mata da raguwar jin abubuwa a jikinta.

    4. Rashin fahimtar fitar da ruwan kawowa (misunderstanding of female ejaculation): Yawancin lokaci mata sukan rikice su kasa bambanta fitar ruwan santsi (vaginal lubricants) da kuma fitar ruwan kawowa (ejaculate). Hakan zai iya sanyawa mace ta ga kamar ba ta kawowa, alhalin kuwa tana yi.

    Magani da Shawarwari:

    1. Tattaunawa: Akwai buƙatar mace ta riƙa tattaunawa tsakaninta da maigidanta don su fahimci juna da yadda jikin kowannen su yake amsawa yayin jima’i.

    2. Mayar da hankali a lokacin jima’i: mace ta riƙa nutsuwa yayin jima’i tare da mayar da hankalinta a kan yadda take jin abubuwa a jikinta, ma’ana ta daina tunanin wasu abubuwa can daban. Hakan zai iya taimakawa wajen fahimtar jikinta sosai.

    3. Yin atisayen ƙarfafa tsokokin mara: Yin atisaye kamar Kegel yana iya ƙarfafa tsokokin mararta da inganta jin daɗin gabanta.

    A yawancin lokuta, wannan ba wata matsalar lafiya ba ce, sai dai bambancin yadda mace ke jin daɗin jima’i. Amma idan akwai damuwa, to, a je asibiti domin ganin likitan mata (gynecologist) domin ayi bincike a tabbatar da abinda yake faruwa.

    Domin karanta Ciwon Hanta (Hepatitis) 2 danna nan

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Fim Na Ilmantarwa

    Fim Na Ilmantarwa

    Gabatarwa
    Haƙiƙa rayuwa tana tafiya ne tare da zamani, wanda kowanne zamani akwai abubuwan da ya ke zuwa da shi lokacin shi, wani lokaci ya zo da na ilimantarwa wani lokaci kuma na akasin haka, wannan a ƙarƙashin wannan batu za mu iya cewa shigowar fim ya ilimantar da mutane da dama ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar :sanarwa, ilimantarwa, nishaɗantarwa da sauransu.

    TARIHIN SAMUWAR FIM

    A cikin ƙarni na goma sha tara ne aka fara tunanin yadda za a yi fim ko majigi a ƙasar Hausa wato a shekarar 1824, wani likita mai bincike a fannin ido, ɗan ƙasar Bartaniya mai suna Peter Mark Roger, shi ne ya fara bincike don samar da wata na’ura mai amfani da kamar idon mutum. Daga shi ne aka samu ci gaba aka ƙirƙiro wani abin wasan yara mai suna Zoetrope wato kallo-kallo na yaro.

    Shi kuwa wani ɗan ƙasar Faransa mai suna Charles Emile Ronoad, a shekarar 1844 zuwa 1918 ya fito da wata na’ura mai suna Proxiono Scope, wadda ya lilliƙa hotuna a jikin wani kwarkwaro kamar kallo-kallo da a ke yi na akwati. Wani mai suna Thomas Alra Edison ya samar da wata kyamara mai suna KENETOGRAPHY da kuma na’ura mai SUNA KENETO SCOPE, mai kamar talabijin. Ya kuma tara jama’a a New York ya nuna musu.

    A shekarar sai ya gina shago a London da Faris, ya mayar da shi gidan kallo. Daga nan ne mutane fara cewa ashe lallai za a samu kuɗi a harkar. Daga wannan lokaci ne a ka fara tunanin ƙirƙiro Majigi (projector) don a damar damar tara mutane da yawa. Sai fasahar ta fara zama haɗin gwiwa, in da wani Bafaranshe mai suna Louans Jean Lumi’era (1864-1948)da wani Robart W.Palt ɗan ƙasar Bartaniya (1869-1943) da wani ɗan ƙasar Amurka Charles Francis Jonkins (1867-1934) waɗannan mutane su ne suka ƙirƙiro Majigi (projector).

    Duk wannan bayanan sun ƙunshi yadda a ka samo fim ko majigi a duniya.
    A 1903 a ka fara yin fim a Ikko ta Nijeriya. Fim na farko da aka fara kawo wa aka kalla a gidan kallo na Gloria Memorial Hall da ke Ikko shi ne MORAL RE-ALMAMENT wanda ya ƙunshi (Decomentry) fim ne da yake koyar da a yi biyayya ga Nasara a guji Yahudawa shi ne ma yasa suka sa masa suna ‘Farfaɗo da ɗa’ a’.

    Idan kuma muka juyo samuwar fim a Arewa, bayan an samu ‘yancin kai da Nijeriya ta kasu kashi uku sai aka bai wa ma’aikatar yaɗa labarai kula da fim daga nan ne sai ya samu koma baya saboda da ƙarancin tallafi da ya ke samu daga hukumar.

    TARIHIN SAMUWAR FINA-FINAN HAUSA

    Fim sun fara samuwa ne a wajen 1950-1970 lokacin da ma’aikatar yaɗa labarai ta Arewa (Ministry of information northern Nigeria) take ƙoƙarin wayar da ‘yan Arewa dangane da harkokin noma da wayar da kansu a al’ amuran da suka danganci rayuwar yau da kullum, to sai ma’aikatar ta zaɓi ta yi amfani da fim domin shi ne hanya sauƙi da za a jawo hankalin ‘yan Arewa a kan su noma abubuwa da gomnati ta ke buƙatar su da su a kan yadda za a gudanar da noma da hanyar amfani da abubuwan zamani.

    To gomnatin wannan lokaci ta yi amfani da fim domin gudanar da wannan aiki wadda a ka gudanar ta hanyar amfani da mota wadda ta ke ɗauke da na’urorin nuna fim wato (Projector) yadda aka riƙa amfani da wannan mota,ana bi birane da ƙauyuka domin ilimantar da su a wannan ɓangare na noma da kuma ɗebe musu kewa.

    Fina-finan Hausa na farko da ma’aikatar yaɗa labarai ta Arewa ta fara nuna wa jama’a sun haɗa da: fim ɗin ‘Baban Larai’ da ‘Ɗan Arewa a London’ da ‘Musa ya zo birni’ da sauransu. Kafin mu ƙara tsunduma cikin aikinmu za mu yi abin da ake kira waiwaye adon tafiya domin musan wai shin menene fim ko majigi?

    Fim wani ɓangare ne daga kafar sadarwa ta lantarki wadda ta ke samar da gani da ji da motsi domin amfanin mutane masu yawa. Fim tantagaryar kimiyya da fasaha ce kuma rayuwar ɗan Adam ce a ke nunawa. Fim yana ɗauke da tarihi da ɗabi’un jama’a da mahallinsu da kuma suturunsu, musamman bisa harshensu da tsarinsu na rayuwa da hanyoyin tunaninsu.

    Har ila yau fim hanya ce ta sanarwa da ilimantarwa da nishaɗantarwa da faɗakarwa da yaɗa manufa da tallatawa. A dunƙule kafa ce daga cikin kafafen yaɗa labarai, sannan kuma hanya ce ta kasuwanci da samar da aikin yi ga al’umma. Idan muka duba ma’anar da muka kawo za mu ga in da muka ambaci “Fim hanya ce ta ilimantarwa” wanda aikinmu zai koma ƙarƙashin wannan gaɓar ne.

    Kafin mu bayar da ma’anar fim na ilimantarwa (Educational film) za mu ɗauki ita kanta kalmar “ilimantarwa” domin mu ji ma’anarta. Asalin kalmar “ilimantarwa” an samo ta ne daga Larabci ‘Al’ilmu’ wacce ta ke nufin (Rashin jahilci) a Larabce, ma’ana mutum ya san abu. Shi kuma fim na ilimantarwa (Educational film) yana nufin fina-finan da a ke yin su domin ilimantarwa.

    Fina-finan ilimantarwa suna da muhimmanci da amfanarwa ta fuskoki mabambanta da kuma kanu daban-daban. Gidan kallon majigi ko fim ya rabu zuwa wasu muhimman rukuni guda uku waɗanda su ka haɗa da :

    • Ilimantarwa
    • Umarni
    • Nishaɗantarwa

    Amma aikin mu ya karkata zuwa ga fina-finan ilimantarwa. Fina-finan ilimantarwa ana shirya su ne don sanar da al’umma ko jama’a a kan wasu al’amari na rayuwa da kuma wayar musu da kai. Misali idan muka ɗauki fina-finan ilimantarwa a harkar tsaro; A lokacin yaƙin duniya na ɗaya, sojojin ƙasa da na ruwa an haska musu fim na atisaye wanda hakan ya zamo wata babbar hanya don koyar da jami’an tsaro. Ta haka ne ya zamanto wata hanya ta samar da wasu muhimman bayanai.

    Haka kuma idan muka kalli fim ɗin ‘Baban Larai’ ya ilimantar da yadda jama’a za su samu ƙaruwar abin hasafi ta yadda ya nunar da su noman auduga ya ɗara noman hatsi samu. Ire-iren fina-finan ilimantarwa.

    • Fina-finan ilimantarwa na tarihi.
    • Fina-finan ilimantarwa na fasaha da ƙere-ƙere.
    • Fina-finan ilimantarwa na wallafe-wallafe da fasahar harshe.

    Kammalawa

    Duba ga yadda muka rattabo samuwar fim tun daga sarari (duniya) har cikin ƙasa Nijeriya har zuwa Arewa da ƙasar Hausa, da kuma yadda muka bayar da ma’anar fim da kuma fim na ilimantarwa, za mu ga cewa lallai fim na ilimantarwa ƙaruwa ne na dukkanin al’umma.

    Manazarta

    Multiple examples of language training films
    Ahmad N.(2003)The influence of indigenous and foreign culture on Hausa Home Video in Nigeria in Adamu A. U (Educational) Hausa home videos ;Technology, economy and society. Kano:Gidan Dabino publishers.

    Danna nan don karanta Alaƙar Hausa Da Fulatanci

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Ciwon Hanta (Hepatitis) 2

    Ciwon Hanta (Hepatitis) 2

    Hepatitis cuta ce wacce take kama hanta (liver), ta sanya mata kumburi (inflammation). Ita kuma hanta wata muhimmiyar tsoka ce da take a ɓangaren dama a saman cikin mutum. Ayyukan hanta suna da yawa a jikin mutum. Kaɗan daga cikinsu su ne:

    1. Samar da ruwan sinadarin matsarmama (bile production) domin niƙe abinci da zarar ya shiga ciki.

    2. Sarrafa sinadarai na kitse (fats), sinadaran girman jiki (protein), da sinadaran ƙarfin jiki (carbohydrates) waɗanda suke cikin abincin da mutum ya ci.

    3. Sarrafa magunguna (medications) waɗanda suka shiga jikin mutum tare da aikawa da su zuwa sassan da suka dace a cikin jiki.

    4. Adana abubuwan da jiki yake buƙata na abinci (glycogen), garkuwar jiki (vitamins), da gyaran jiki (minerals).

    5. Fitar da tarkacen da jiki ya gama amfani da su na maɗaciya (bilirubin), kitse (cholesterol), magunguna (drugs), da sinadarai (hormones).

    6. Sarrafa yanayin jinin jiki (synthesis of blood constituents).

    Idan hanta ta kamu da cutar kumburi (hepatitis), to, za ta kasa yin waɗannan ayyukan da wasu ayyukan ma daban faɗa ba. Nau’ukan cutar hepatitis da aka sani su ne Hepatitis A, B, C, D, da E. Ana ɗaukar cutar ne ta hanyar mu’amalar saduwar aure, ko kuma haɗuwar ruwayen jikin mai cutar dana wanda ba ya da ita, kamar ruwan saduwar aure (semen), ruwayen da suke fita daga al’aurar mace (vaginal fluids), ruwan nono (breast milk), ruwan ciwo (wound pus), da ƙarin jini (blood transfusion) duk da kasancewar mawuyaci ne a ƙarawa maras lafiya jinin mai hepatitis. Sa’annan ana iya ɗaukar cutar hepatitis ta hanyar dashen sassan jiki (organ transplant).

    Cutar hepatitis ba ta hana aure ko mu’amala tsakanin mai ita da wanda ba ya da ita. Abin yi kawai shi ne wanda ba ya da ita ɗin za a yi masa allurar rigakafinta sau uku. Idan aka yi ta farko, to, bayan wata ɗaya za a sake yin ta biyu. Daga nan sai bayan wata shida a yi ta ukun. Haka irin wannan tsarin yake ga jarirai.

    Idan mai hepatitis yana shan magunguna, kuma ya daina cin duk wani abu mai protein, to zai sami sauƙin da kuka ji na kira shi da cewa warkewa. Sai dai hakan ba ya nufin babu ɓurɓushin cutar hepatitis ɗin kwata-kwata a cikin jininsa.

    Amma idan bayan ya sha magani, kuma har yanzu idan an yi masa test yake nuna reactive, to, ɗayan abubuwa uku ne yake faruwa, kamar haka:

    1. Jikinsa yana bijirewa ƙwayoyin maganin da yake amfani da su. Abinda yakan kawo bijirewar shi ne ƙarfin halittar cutar (viral genetic variation). Ma’ana, ƙwayar halittar cutar ta sami sauye-sauye saboda rashin bin ƙa’idar magani da maras lafiya yake yi, ko kuma cutar ta shiga jikin mutane da yawa kafin ta zo jikinsa don haka ta saba da yanayi daban-daban. Hakan zai sa magance ta ya yi wahala.

    2. Rashin yin amfani da magani yadda ya kamata. Wato mai yiwuwa ne maras lafiyan ba ya bin ƙa’idar shan magani.

    3. Raguwar ƙwayar cutar hepatitis B a hankali (gradual reduction of the hepatitis B viral load).

    Awon da ake yi wa mutum domin a gane ko yana da cutar Hepatitis B shi ne Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Idan ya nuna reactive, to, ya tabbatar da cewa akwai cutar kenan, kuma mai ita zai iya yaɗawa wani. Da zarar an ɗora shi a kan magani, ƙwayoyin cutar za su riƙa raguwa a jikinsa a hankali, amma ba za su mutu gaba-ɗaya ba, don haka za a gansu idan an yi awon.

    Ana yin awo a tsakanin tsawon lokacin da yake shan maganin domin a gane yadda cutar take raguwa. Sunan awon Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) ko anti-HBsAg. Idan ya nuna reactive ko positive, to, yana nuna cewa yana samun sauƙi, kuma ya samu kariya daga cutar. Ma’ana, ba zai cutar da kowa ba, kuma shi ma ba za ta yi masa illa a jikinsa ba. Sakamakon wannan awon ne nake nufi da cewa ana warkewa.

    Bisa ga waɗannan bayanan, nake fayyace cewa idan mutum ya yi jinyar cutar hepatitis, kuma aka ce ya warke, to, ba ana nufin cewa babu ɓurɓushin cutar a cikin jininsa kwata-kwata ba ne. Akwai ta, amma ba za ta cutar da shi ko waninsa ba.

    Sa’annan akwai bayanai masu tabbatar da cewa yawanci ƙwayoyin cutar virus ba su da magani na kai-tsaye. Ma’ana sai dai a magance alamomin da suke zuwa da su, wato “opportunistic infections” ko “symptoms”. Misali, cutar mura, ko HIV/AIDS, ko coronavirus, da sauransu.

    Sannan Don mace tana shayar da yaro, mawuyaci ne ya ɗauki cutar daga ruwan nono saboda yawanci akwai allurar rigakafin hepatitis a cikin alluran rigakafin da ake yi ma Yara bayan haihuwarsu.
    Fatan an ilimintu

    Domin karanta Zubar Jini A Cikin Wata Uku Na Farkon Samun Juna Biyu danna nan
    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Zubar Jini A Cikin Wata Uku Na Farkon Samun Juna Biyu (FIRST TRIMESTER HAEMORRHAGE)

    Zubar Jini A Cikin Wata Uku Na Farkon Samun Juna Biyu (FIRST TRIMESTER HAEMORRHAGE)

    Idan mace tana da juna biyu, takan sami sauye-sauyen zubar sinadarai (hormones) a cikin jikinta. Wannan zai iya sanya mata zubar jini. Mai yiwuwa ne ta riƙa ganin ɗigon jini ba mai yawa ba a pant ɗinta. Irin wannan jinin bai cika zama matsala ba. Amma idan ya yi yawa sosai, to, ya kamata ta tafi asibiti domin ta ga likita.

    Abubuwan da suke haifar da zubar jini a first trimester sun haɗa da:

    1. Implantation, wato lokacin da ƙyanƙyasasshen ƙwai na haihuwa yake ƙoƙarin maƙalewa a jikin mahaifa.

    2. Cervical polyp, wato zazzagowar mahaifa

    3. Jima’i ko kuma sanya wani abu a cikin farji wanda zai iya haifar da samun rauni ko kujewa a jikin fatar farji

    4. Miscarriage, wato lalacewar ciki

    5. multiple babies, wato juna biyu mai ɗauke da ‘ya’ya fiye da ɗaya

    6. Ectopic pregnancy, wato juna biyun da yake zama a bayan mahaifa maimakon cikin mahaifa

    7. Molar pregnancy, wato cikin karya ba na gaskiya ba

    8. Subchorionic hemorrhage, wato zubar jinin da yake faruwa idan mabiyiya ta rabu da jikin mahaifa

    9. Infection, wato kamuwa da wasu ƙwayoyin cututtuka.

    SANNAN ZUBAR JINI A CIKIN WATA UKU NA BIYU KO KUMA UKUN ZANGO NA ƘARSHEN SAMUN JUNA BIYU (SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTER HAEMORRHAGE)

    Zubar jini a lokacin da ciki ya shiga second trimester ko third trimester ya fi zama hatsari ga mai juna biyu, domin yana nuna cewa akwai wata babbar matsala da juna biyunta. Abubuwan da suke haddasa shi sun haɗa da:

    1. Cervix problems, wato matsalolin da suka shafi mahaifa kamar kumburi, tsiro, ko samuwar ruwan ciwo a cikin mahaifa.

    2. Placental abruption, wato rabuwar cibiyar jariri daga jikin mahaifa ko kuma rabuwarta daga jikin mabiyiya, da sauransu.

    ZUBAR JINI BAYAN HAIHUWA (POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE)

    Wannan yana nufin zubar jini daga farjin mace bayan ta haihu. Hakan ba zai zama a cikin matsala ba sai idan ya kasance ya yi yawa, kamar a ce tana jiƙa pads guda biyu ko kuma fiye da biyu a cikin awa ɗaya. Abubuwan da suke haddasa shi su ne:

    1. Samuwar ƙari (tear) a farjin mace a lokacin haihuwa ko kuma samuwar rauni a jikin mahaifarta

    2. Fashewar wasu daga cikin jijiyoyin da suke kai jini zuwa cikin mahaifa

    3. Samuwar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mahaifa, da sauransu.

    Idan mace ta fuskanci zubar jini a ɗaya daga cikin lokutan da na faɗa a sama, to, ya kamata ta tafi asibiti ne domin a bincika a gane abinda ya haifar mata da matsalar. Daga nan za a ɗauki matakin da ya dace da irin matsalar da take da ita.

    A kowane lokaci ana shawartar mata masu juna biyu da su fara zuwa awo da wuri, kuma su guji shan magani idan ba likita ya ba su ba, domin a can ne za a buɗewa mace file wanda za a riƙa rubuta tarihin matsalarki, aune-aunen da aka yi mata, magungunan da aka ba ta, da kuma nasarori ko akasin haka da aka samu. Kun ga kenan idan maganin ya haddasa wata matsala, to, za a shawo kanta a cikin sauƙi.

    Don karanta Duhun Matse-Matsi [DARKNESS OF INNER THIGH] danna nan

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu