Wasu masana sun ba da sharaɗai na wayewar kai. Sharuɗan sun haɗa da rubutu, a bisa wannan sharaɗi babu wayewar kai ga mutanen da ba su da rubutu. Wasu kuma sun ƙara da sharaɗin ƙira (technology), a wannan ra’ayin babu wayewar kai ga wanda ba sa gini, ko da dutse ko da ɓangori (brick) (Robert).
Wasu masana irin su Vico sun samu wayewar da ba a rubuta ta ba saboda ya fito da tsari nazarin da zai sa a fahimci irin wannan wayewar (Hughes-Warrington 2015: 324). Sarrafa ƙarfe yana daga cikin alamar wayewar Ɗan Adam saboda cigaban da ya kawo a harkar rayuwa. Ɗan Adam ya fara sarrafa copper ya haɗa ta da lead da tin ta ba shi bronze wanda ya fi ƙarfi (Adler 1996: 10).
Saboda rashin manyan gine-gine masu inganci shi ne yasa suke ganin babu wayewar kai a gururuwan masu bauta gargajiya (pagan) na Arewacin Nijeriya, inda suke gine-gine na ƙasa da kuma yayi, idan aka kwatanta su da ƙasar Masar. Gini ana yinsa don ya daɗe, kamar na ƙasar Masar ba don ɗan lokaci kaɗan ba, kamar na wannan mutanen Arewacin Najeriya.
Wasu masana suna ganin cewa wayewar kai na tabbata ne idan mutane suka yi yawa kuma kowa yana da sana’a ko aiki da kuma ƙwarewa a kai: wasu suna gini, wasu na ƙira, wasu yin tukwane da sauransu kuma sun dogara da wasu su yi aikin samu abinci wato manoma da masunta da kuma mikiyaya.
Duk da wannan sharaɗai babu itifaƙi akan ma’anar wayewar kai saboda ana samun abinda ake ganin wayewar kai ne amma bai cika wannan sharaɗai ba. Saboda haka wasu masana sun faɗa cewa abinda ya dace shi ne a ce wayewar kai na tabbata idan aka samu wasu daga cikin wannan sharuɗan (Roberts 1980: 10).
Wayewar Kai abu ne mai sarƙaƙiya a tafarkin wayewa mutane suna haɗa abubuwa da yawa na rayuwa da suka shafi aiki ko ɗabi’a. Saboda wayewa tana ƙaruwa da ƙarin ilmi da kuma fahimtar rayuwa. A kullum mutane ƙaruwa suke da ilmi da kuma fasaha wannan shi ne wayewa ba a kasance a wuri ɗaya ba.
Misali yanzu ilmin fasaha da ƙira ya sa mutane suna bincike a sararin samaniya kuma har wata ma sun je. Fasaha tana bambanta tsakanin wanda suka waye da kuma wanda ba su waye ba (Roberts 1980: 10).
Wasu daga cikin masana tarihi da ‘yan jarida na turai suna ganin cewa babu wata wayewa idan ba ta turai ba ce. Duk abinda ya faru kafin turai ta mallaki duniya ba waye ba ne a wurinsa. Wanda ya ƙarfafa wannan ra’ayi shi ne Kenneth Clark a fim ɗinsa na talabijin da aka nuna a BBC mai suna “Civilization A Personal View”.
A wannan fim ya kore duk wani wayewar kai na ko ina sai dai na turai ta yamma har na Byzantine Ravenna, Celtic Hebrides, Viking Norway da kuma mulkin Charlemagne. A fahimtarsa tun daga faɗuwar Rome har zuwa tashin turai ta yamma babu wayewa. A fahimtarsa babu wayewa kafin zuwa addinin Krista kuma babu wayewa a gabas ɗin duniya (Ferguson 2011: 1-2).
Masu nazarin Civilization na ƙasashen turai sun bambanta shi da Culture (al’adu) a ra’ayinsu Culture ta al’ummar da ba su waye ba ce (primitive) shi kuma Civilization na wanda su ka waye ne.
Don karanta Wayewar Ɗan Kan Adam 1 danna nan
Edita; Rumasa’u M. Kallamu
