WikiHausa

Tag: yadda ake

  • Falalar Biyawa Wani Hajji Ko Umra

    Falalar Biyawa Wani Hajji Ko Umra

    Haƙiƙa duk wanda ya kasancce sanadin aikata alhairi, za a ba shi lada dai-dai da ladan wanda ya aikata wannan aikin ba tare da an rage komai daga ladansa ba..

    A kan haka, wanda ya biyawa wani kuɗin aikin hajji ko Umra; za a ba shi lada da za a baiwa wanda ya yi aikata aikin hajji ko umra. Saboda haka, magabata suka kasance suna ɗaukar nayin waɗanda ba su taɓa yin aikin hajji ko umra ba.

    Misalin Waɗannan magabata akwai Muslim Ibn Yasar da Abdullahi Ibnul Mubarak; waɗanda suka kasance suna aikin hajji duk shekara, kuma suna tafiya da mutane da suke ɗaukar nauyinsu!.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Yadda Falalar Karatun Al-Ƙur’ani Ya Ke danna nan.

    Wannan bayani an ciro shi ne daga littafin Ingantattun Nafiloli Da Falalarsu; wanda Usman Abubakar Muhammad (Shehu Mansur Dala) ya wallafa shi; Domin karanta cikakken littafin danna nan.

  • Waƙoƙin Fada Da Wasu Waƙoƙi Game-Gari

    Waƙoƙin Fada Da Wasu Waƙoƙi Game-Gari

    1.1 Abdu Inka Bakura : : : : : :

    ‘Shi mika dibi Mujaddadi.’
    Sarkin Musulmi Alhaji Sir Abubakar III : : :
    ‘Akwai Haƙuri ga Shehu Majidaɗi.’
    Waƙar Alhaji Shehu Majidaɗi : : : :

    1.2 Muhammadu Sani Dodo Maitabshi, Wurno : :

    ‘Ki Sake Sarkin Sudan.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Sudan na Wurno, Alhaji Shehu Malami :
    1.3 Sani Mamman Inyaga Argungu : : : :
    ‘Mamman Sadaukin Sarakuna.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Kabin Argungu, Alhaji Muhammadu Mera :

    1.4 Aliyu Gurso Talatar Mafara : : : :

    ‘Bajini ɗan Moyi na Amadu.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Musulmi, Alhaji Sir Abubakar III
    (1938-1988) : : : : : :
    ‘Bi da Maza Uban Zagi na Sanda.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Maru, Banaga Muhammadu Bature :
    ‘Namijin Zaki Tsayayyen Maza.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Maru, Banaga Muhammadu Bature :

    ‘Faskara koyo Mamman maqi garaje.’
    Waqar Sarkin Maru, Banaga Muhammadu Bature :

    1.5 Sa’idu Maidaji Sabon Birni : : : :

    ‘Gagara gasa ‘yak Kaso.’
    Waqar Sa’idu Maidaji ta Innar Gobir Sabon Birni :
    ‘Ƙi Garaje Uban Meli bai Ɗauki Wargi ba.’
    Waƙar Sa’idu Maidaji ta ‘Ƙi Garaje’ : : :

    1.6 Sa’idu Faru : : : : : :

    ‘Kana shire baban ‘Yanruwa.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Kudun Sakkwato, Alhaji Muhammadu
    Macciɗo : : : : : :

    1.7 Idi Ɗangiwa Zuru : : : : : :

    ‘Tankwafau namijin Zaki.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Sudan na Kwantagora Sa’idu : :
    ‘Gwauron giwa shirinka yai kyau.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Zazzau Muhammadu Aminu : :
    ‘Qi garaje bai ɗau Wargi ba.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Zazzau Muhammadu Aminu : :

    1.8 Muhammadu Dodo Maitabshi : : : :

    ‘Ya ci dunun yaƙi.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Gobir na Gwadabawa, Alhaji Muhammadu
    Maiturare : : : : : :
    ‘Ya Ɗau Girma na Hwaɗa.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Gobir na Gwadabawa, Alhaji Muhammadu
    Maiturare : : : : : :

    1.9 Ibrahim Gurso Talatar Mafara : : : :

    ‘Mai taimakar Musulmi Kullum.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Musulmi, Alhaji Hassan ɗan Mu’azu :
    ‘Gwarzo mai Saje.’

    Waƙar Sardauna Abubakar III, (Kafin ya zama
    Sarkin Musulmi) : : : : :
    ‘Mijin maza jikan Mu’azu’
    Waƙar Sardauna Abubakar III, (Kafin ya zama
    Sarkin Musulmi) : : : : :

    1.10 Alhaji Bala, Sarkin Taushi Sarkin Kano : :

    ‘Lamiɗo mai rabo da yawa Ɗanmaje.’
    Waƙar Ɗanmajen Kano, Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi II
    (Kafin ya zama Sarkin Kano) : : : :
    ‘Shi a gaba ya wuce gwangwani.’
    Waƙar Danmajen Kano, Alhaji Muhammadu Sanusi II
    (Kafin ya zama Sarkin Kano) : : : :

    1.11 Ibrahim Narambaɗa, Tubali-Isa (ya Rasu 1960) : :

    ‘Tattaki Maza ɗan Shehu na Babba.’
    Waƙar Magaji Shadawu ta Dagacin Tubali, Isa :
    ‘Bajimin ɗan Jika.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Rahi, Muhammadu na Rahi : :
    ‘Yai Halin Mazan Jiya.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Kwatarkwashi, Alhaji Amadu : :
    ‘Gagarau mai Buge Kangara.’
    Waƙar ‘Yandoton Tsafe, Alhaji Aliyu (1960-1991):
    ‘Mai Gusau Raba Kaya.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Kudan Gusau, Alhaji Sulaiman :

    1.12 Alhaji Dr. Mamman Shata Katsina : : :

    ‘Da Akwai Daɗi Zaman Ƙauye.’
    Waƙar Zama a Ƙauye : : : :
    ‘Bawan Allah Yakubu Gawon.’
    Waƙar Tsohon Shugaban Ƙasa, Dr. Yakubu Gowan:
    ‘Gagarabadau Namiji Tsayayyen ɗan Kasuwa.’
    Waƙar Sarkin Musawa, Alhaji Usman (1949-1965) :

    1.13 Muhammadu Isa Gawo-Haraɗo (Mamman Gawo) :

    ‘Ya Allah Gyara.’
    Waƙar Mamman Gawo ta Jamhuriyyar Nijar :
    ‘Nijeriya da Nijar Daidai Suke.’
    Waƙar Mamman Gawo ta Nijeriya da Nijar ta
    ‘Ya Rabbi Sarki mai Jama’a’ : : : :
    ‘Allah shi ba mu Sa’a.’
    Waƙar Mamman Gawo ta ‘Allah Shi ba mu Sa’a’ :
    ‘Sannu Yalwa Ɗiyar Malam.’
    Waƙar Mamman Gawo ta ‘Sannu Yalwa’ : :
    ‘Muna Murna ‘yan Nijeriya Duka Baki ɗai.’
    Waƙar Mamman Gawo ta ‘Muna Murna ‘yan
    Nijeriya.’ : : : : : :
    ‘Yau mun kai ga Daɗi da Mulkin Soja yaz zo.’
    Waƙar Mamman Gawo ta ‘Allah Kai Ruwa’ ta
    Mulkin Soja Shugaba Sani Ƙunci : : :

    1.14 Auwalu Nahabu Ibrahim : : : : :

    ‘Kiɗin Siti Ilorin.’
    Waƙar Auwalu Nahabu Ibrahim ta ‘Kiɗin Siti Ilorin :
    ‘Tambarin RDPC.’
    Waƙar Auwalu Nahabu Ibrahim ta ‘Tambarin
    RDPC’: : : : : : :
    ‘Tambarin Auwal Nahabu Ibrahim.’
    Waƙar Auwalu Nahabu Ibrahim ta ‘Tambari’ :

    1.15 Makaɗiya: Hajiya ‘Yargado Mai’amada

    ‘La’ilaha illallah’ : : : : : :
    ‘Lale – Lale in Dire’ : : : : :
    ‘Dangwale Yarinya Dangwale : : : :
    ‘Yargadagar Gadagalle’ : : : : :

    1.16 Hajiya Sa’adatu Barmani Coge : : : :

    ‘Allah ka ba mu Nairori.’
    Waƙar Barmani Coge ta ‘Allah ka ba mu Nairori.’ :
    ‘Gangar Ɗa’a.’
    Waƙar Barmani Coge ta ‘Gangar Ɗa’a : : :

    1.17 Bawa Namiji Jega : : : : :

    ‘Gyara Gari Rambo Sarkin Aiki.’
    Waƙar Bawa Namiji Jega ta ‘Gyara Gari Rambo’ :
    ‘Ba yaƙi Ɗai ay Yaƙi ba.’
    Waƙar Bawa Namiji Jega ta ‘Ba Yaƙi Ɗai ay
    Yaƙi ba.’ : : : : : :

    1.18 Haruna Uji Haɗeja : : : :

    ‘Kainuwa Dashen Allah.’
    Waƙar Haruna Uji ta ‘Kainuwa Dashen Allah’ : :
    ‘Shamuwa’
    Waƙar Haruna Uji ta Shamuwa’ : : :

    1.19 Sani Ɗan’indo Gusau : : : : :

    ‘Yangayu.’
    Waƙar Sani Ɗan’indo ta ‘Yangayu’ : : :
    ‘Mu koma Sakkwato.’
    Waƙar Sani Ɗan’indo ta ‘Mu Koma Sakkwato’ :

    1.20 Alhaji Ɗanjuma Ɗanƙwairo Maradun : : :

    ‘Na Sarkin Bai ba a ja ka ba.’
    Waƙar Ɗanjuma Ɗanƙwairo Maradun ta ‘Na Sarkin
    Bai ba a ja ka ba.’ : : : : :
    ‘Uban Inuwa ɗan Indo’
    Waƙar Sarkin Kiɗa Ɗanjuma Ɗanƙwairo Maradun ta
    ‘Uban Inuwa.’ : : : : : :

    1.21 Malam Ashana Ɗankama, Kano : : :

    ‘Mr. Ojuku (Sojojin Tuwo).’
    Waƙar Malam Ashana Ɗankama ta ‘Mr. Ojuku’ :
    1.22 Nura S. Fada : : : : : :
    ‘Sarkin Jeganmu, Zaki Kake ba a yi Maka Ɓamɓarma.’
    Waƙar Nura S. Fada ta ‘Sarkin Jeganmu’ : :

    1.23 Amadu Mailauni Bakura : : : :

    ‘Shugaban Ƙasa mai ban Tsoro.’
    Waƙar Amadu Mailauni Bakura ta ‘Shugaban Ƙasa’
    Alhaji Shehu Usman Aliyu Shagari : : :
    ‘Za mu Shirin Waƙar Jam’iyyar NPN mai Haske.’
    Waqar Amadu Mailauni Bakura ta ‘Za mu Shirin
    Waƙar Jam’iyyar NPN mai Haske’ : : :

    1.24 Usman Sarki Shiyar Fada Birnin Kebbi : : :

    ‘Yan Zanzari Shahada Ƙarya ku kai.’
    Waƙar Usman Sarki Shiyar Fada ta ‘Yan Zanzari’ :
    ‘Yan Zanzarin Shiga Wuta a yi Hattara.’
    Waqar Usman Sarki Shiyar Fada ta ‘Yan Zanzarin
    Shiga Wuta’ : : : : : :
    ‘Sakamakon Janar Buratai Nijeriya ta Zamo Tsaf-Tsaf.’
    Waƙar Usman Sarki Shiyar Fada ta ‘Sakamakon.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani akan Wasu Waƙoƙin Farfesa Sa’idu Muhammad Gusau danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayan a kan Tarihin Magabata da Haihuwar Ɗanƙwairo danna nan.

    Wannan bayanin an ciro shi ne daga Littafin Diwanin Waƙoƙin Baka Juzu’i Na Biyar (Matanonin Wasu Zaɓaɓɓun Waƙoƙin Makaɗan Baka); wanda Prof. Sa’idu Muhammad Gusau ya wallafa shi; domin karanta cikakken Littafin danna nan.

  • Malaman Ƙasar Zariya

    Malaman Ƙasar Zariya

    A ƙasar Zariya, neman ilimin Furu’a ya cuɗanya da neman ilimin Alƙur’ani. Wannan ya sa makarantun Alƙur’ani a Zariya da Sakkwato zama tamkar makarantun ilimi ne “Zaure”.

    A wasu lokuta, ɗalibai masu neman ilimin lugga ko Fiƙhu kan rubuta baikutan karatunsu a jikin allunansu; kamar yadda ake rubuta Alƙur’ani a allo a Kano da Barno.

    Tarihin yaɗuwar ilimin Alƙur’ani da ilimi a Zariya; kafin ma bayyanar Shehu Usmanu ba zai manta da zuriyar Juma do Kona ba. Waɗanda aka ce su ne na farko wajen kafa makarantun.

    Don haka za mu ayyana wasu cibiyoyi da Malamai shahararru a Zariya da kewayenta; musamman ma daga ƙarni na ashirin zuwa na ashirin da ɗaya. Waɗannan Malamai sun haɗa da:

    Malam Na’iya da Malam Inuwa Na Magajiya da Malam Muhammad Gali ƙofar Doka; da Malam Nuhu Ladan da Malam Auwal Kusfa; da Malam Usman Babajo Marmara da Muhammad Auwal Ƙaura da Malam Yakubu Kakaki da Alƙali Shu’aibu Kakaki; da Malam Alhassan Yawuri da Malam Haruna da Malam Junaidu Rimin Danza da Malam Umar Ƙwarbai.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Wasu Daga Malamai Allori danna nan.

    Domin karanta cikakken bayani a kan Yadda Ake Addu’ar Samun Nutsuwa Da Kwanciyar Hankali Da Wadatar Zuciya danna nan.

    Wannan bayanin an ciro shi ne daga Littafin Tsarin Tsangayun Alƙur’ani A Arewacin Najeriya; Tarihin Su Da Zamantakewar Su Da Hanyoyin Raya Su; wanda Dr. Sunusi Iguda Ƙ/Nasarawa ya wallafa shi; domin karanta cikakken Littafin danna nan.

  • Tarihin Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, MON

    Tarihin Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, MON

    Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, MON, shahararren marubucin littattafan Hausa ne a Arewacin Nijeriya, sannan mai shiryawa da bayar da umarni sannan ɗan wasa ne a shirin finafinan Hausa kuma ɗan jarida. An haife shi a shekara ta 1964 a garin Danbagina da ke Ƙaramar Hukumar Dawakin Kudu. Ya girma a Unguwar Zangon Barebari a cikin birnin Kano.

    Ya fara karatun allo,(Alƙur’ani) a makarantar marigayi Malam Rabi’u a Unguwar Zangon Bare-bari a shekarar 1968 da karatun littattafai na Islamiyya, a makarantar marigayi Sheikh Tijjani na ‘Yanmota, (1971). Bai sami damar yin karatun boko yana ƙarami ba, sai da ya girma sannan ya shiga makarantar ilmin manya ta Masallaci Adult Evening Classes, Kano a shekara ta 1984 zuwa 1986.

    Ya yi makarantar sakandare ta dare (G.S.S. Warure Evening Session), Kano a shekara ta 1987 zuwa 1990. Ya shiga Jami’ar Bayero inda ya sami takardar shaidar Diflomar ƙwarewa a kan yaɗa labarai, wato (Professional Diploma in Mass Communication) a Sashen Koyar da Aikin Jarida, a shekara ta 2004 zuwa 2005.

    Ya rubuta littattafai da aka buga su kamar haka: In Da So Da Kauna 1-2 da Masoyan Zamani 1-2 da Hattara Dai Masoya 1-2 da Wani Hani Ga Allah 1-2 da Duniya Sai Sannu da Kaico! Mata Da Shaye-Shayen Kayan Maye:Ina Mafita? da Malam Zalimu (wasan kwaikwayo) da Ina Mafita (wasan kwaikwayo) da Dakika Talatin (wasan kwaikwayo) da Sarkin Ban Kano, Alhaji Dr. Muktar Adnan (tarihi), wanda suka rubuta tare da Sani Yusuf Ayagi da From Oral Literature to Video:The Case of Hausa. (Takardun da suka gabatar a jami’a Hamburg, Jamus, shi da Farfesa Abdalla Uba Adamu).

    An kuma fassara wasu daga cikin littattafansa guda uku daga harshen Hausa zuwa Turanci: The Soul of My Heart (Fassarar In Da So Da Kauna) da Nemesis (Fassarar Masoyan Zamani) da kuma Kaico! (Fassarar Kaico!) Young Women Substance Abuse and The Way Out (Fassarar Mata Da Shaye-Sayen Kayan Maye:Ina Mafita?)

    Ya gabatar da muƙalu da dama a tarurrukan ƙara wa juna sani a cikin Nijeriya da ƙasashen waje. Wasu daga cikin takardun nasa an buga su a cikin kundaye (littattafai). Yana yin rubuce-rubuce a cikin jaridu da mujallun Hausa.

    Tare da shi aka kafa wasu ƙungiyoyi, kamar Kungiyar Marubuta ta Nijeriya Reshen jihar Kano, (ANA) a shekara ta 1992, kuma ya riƙe shugabancinta na tsawon shekara uku da ƙungiyar Masu Shirya Finafinai ta Jihar Kano, (Kano State Film makers Association) wanda a halin yanzu shi ne shugaban riƙo na Ƙungiyar da Ƙungiyar Marubuta ta Raina Kama (Raina Kama Writers Association)wanda kuma shi ne shugabanta.

    Shi ne Mai Gabatar da shirin Alƙalami Ya Fi Takobi, a gidan rediyo Freedom, Kano da kuma shirin Duniyar Masoya a gidan rediyo Shukura FM da ke Damagaram, ƙasar Nijar. Harkar rubuce-rubuce da kuma wallafa ta ba shi damar zuwa ƙasashe fiye da goma sha biyar na Afrika, sannan kuma a ƙasashen Turai ya sami zuwa London da France da Italy da Holland da kuma Germany.

    Ya zama zakaran gasar rubutun wasan kwaikwayo ta shekarar 2009 ta tunawa da marigayi Injiniya Mohammed Bashir Karaye, a Abuja, Nijeriya. Ya sami takardun yabo da dama daga jami’o’i da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da hukumomi da gwamnati, saboda gudummawa iri-iri da yake bayarwa waɗanda suka shafi harshen Hausa da adabi da aladu ta fannin rubuce-rubuce da shirin finafinai da aikin jarida da harkokin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da hukumomi da kuma gwamnati.

    A ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2011 ya sami takardar yabo daga Inuwar Jama’ar Kano, (Kano Forum) cikin mutane goma sha ɗaya da aka yaba da su a jihar Kano wajen bayar da gudummawa game da ci gaban aľ’umma. Sannan a ranar 29 ga watan Satumba na shekarar 2014, Gwamnatin Tarayyar Nijeriya ta karrama shi da lambar yabo ta ƙasa mai taken, Member of the Order of the Niger (MON) bisa hidimta wa jama’a da yake yi a cikin ayyukansa.

    A shekarar 2017 ya sami zuwa matsayin tantancewa ta ƙarshe (nomination) a gasar finafinai ta Zuma Film Festival da ke Abuja a matsayin jarumin jarumai na Afrika. A shekarar 2018 ya sami nasarar lashe kambun jarumin jarumai har sau uku a cikin gasar AMMA Award da Kaduna International Film Festival da Arewa Entertainment, sannan ya amshi kambun mai shirya finafinai da ya zarce kowane (Best Producer) a ‘KILAF Film Festival’ duk a cikin fim ɗin Juyin Sarauta.

    A shekarar 2019, ya sake zama jarumin jarumai (Best Actor in Leading Role) sannan ya amshi kyautar alƙalan gasa (Golden Jury Award) a gasar Kaduna International Film Festival.

    Yana cikin ƙungiyoyi kamar haka:

    • Motion Picture Practitioner’s Association of Nigeria, MOPPAN
    • Association for PromotingNigerian Languages and Culture, (APNILAC)
    • West African Research Association (WARA)
    • Indegenous Languages Writers Association of Nigeria (ILWAN)

    Mutum ne mai Sha’awar tafiye-tafiye da rubuce-rubuce da bincike. Yana da mata ɗaya da ‘ya’ya biyar. Ado Ahmad Gidan Dabino, MON, shi ne Shugaba kuma Daraktan Gudanarwa na kamfanin Gidan Dabino International Nigeria Limited.

    Littattafan Marubuci

    • In da so da Kauna, 1, 2 (1991)
      Hattara Dai Masoya, 1, 2 (1992)
    • Masoyan Zamani, 1, 2 (1993)
    • The Soul Of My Heart, (Fassarar In Da So, (1993)
    • Wani Hanin ga Allah…,1,2 (1994)
    • Nemesis, (Fassarar Masoyan Zamani, 1995)
    • Kaico!, (Hausa,1996)
    • Duniya Sai Sannul, (1997)
    • Sarkin Ban Kano, Alhaji Dr. Mukhtar Adnan (Ado Ahmad da Sani Yusuf Ayagi, 2004)
    • Malam Zalimu ‘Wasan Kwaikwayo’, (Hausa, 2009)
    • From Oral Literature ti Video: The Casa Of Hausa, (Ed: Joseph Mechthild Reh, 2011)
    • Mata da Shaye-Shayen Kayan Maye: Ina Mafita?(2012)
    • Daƙiƙa Talatin,(2015)
    • Young Women Substance Abuse and The Way Out (2019)(Fassarar Mata da Shaye-Sayen Kayan Maye:Ina Mafita?)
    • Malam Zailani, Ci Gaban Malam Zalimu, Wasan Kwaikwayo'(2021)
    • Dausayin Fasaha, Rubutattun Waƙoƙi, (2023)
    • From Oral Literature to Video:The Case of Hausa,(Ed:Joseph Mdntyre and Mechthild Reh,2011)

    Littattafai Masu Fitowa

    • Ina Mafita?
    • Kaico!(Fassara zuwa Ingilishi)
    • Malam Zalimu (Fassara zuwa Ingilishi)
    • Rabuwa
    • Gani Da Ido…

    Don karanta Taƙaitaccen Tarihin Farfesa Sa’idu M. Gusau danna nan

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Fitowar Haƙora Ga Yara, Faɗuwarsu, Da Sake Fitowarsu

    Fitowar Haƙora Ga Yara, Faɗuwarsu, Da Sake Fitowarsu

    Yaran da ake goyonsu, suna fara fitar da haƙora ne da zarar sun cika watanni 6 da haihuwa, kuma shi ake kira “deciduous teething”. Haƙora za su cigaba da fitowa ɗaya-bayan-ɗaya har sai yaro ya kai shekaru shida da haihuwa.

    RABE-RABEN HAƘORA

    Haƙora sun rabu gida huɗu, kamar haka:

    1. Haƙoran yanka abinci (incisors): su ne haƙoran gaba waɗanda suke fitowa a sama da ƙasan dasashi. Amfaninsu shi ne yanka abinci, domin suna da kaifi kamar wuƙa. Idan mutum zai yanki abinci da su, incisors ɗin sama da na ƙasa suna haɗewa kamar almakashi domin yanka abincin.

    2. Mataimakan haƙoran yankan abinci (canines): su ne haƙora masu tsini a gefen dama da hagun incisors, a sama da ƙasan dasashi. Amfaninsu shi ne taimakon incisors wajen yanka abinci.

    3. Hakoran tauna abinci (premolars): su ne haƙora masu faɗi waɗanda suke bi ma canines. Amfaninsu shi ne tauna abinci bayan incisors da canines sun yanka shi.

    4. Turamen hakora (molars): su ne haƙora masu faɗi sosai na ƙarshen dasashi. Amfaninsu ɗaya yake da premolars wajen niƙe abinci.

    YADDA HAƘORI YAKE FARA FITOWA (TEETHING PROCESS)

    Idan yaro ya kai watanni 6 da haihuwa, haƙora za su fara turowa a kan dasashinsa. Amma ana samun yaran da suke kai wa watanni 12 ma kafin su fara haƙora, kuma hakan ba matsala ba ne. Yawanci incisors guda biyu ne suke fara fitowa a kan dasashin ƙasa. Daga nan sai incisors su biyo bayansu, sai kuma molars. A lokacin da yaro ya cika shekaru 3 da haihuwa, matasakaicin yawan haƙoran bakinsa sukan zamo guda 20.

    FAƊUWAR HAƘORI (TEETH LOSS OR SHEDDING)

    Kamar yadda haƙoran yaro suke fitowa a matakan watanni da shekaru daban-daban, haka faɗuwarsu yake zuwa, tare da fitowar wasu haƙoran na din-din-din. Yadda abin yake faruwa, shi ne:

    1. Incisors na tsakiyar dasashin sama (central upper incisors), suna fitowa ne a tsakanin watanni 8 zuwa 12 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 6 zuwa 7 da haihuwa.

    2. Incisors na gefen dasashin sama (lateral upper incisors), suna fara fitowa ne a tsakanin watanni 9 zuwa 13 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 7 zuwa 8 da haihuwa.

    3. Canines na sama (upper canines cuspid), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 22 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 12 da haihuwa.

    4. Molars na farko na sama (first upper molars), suna fara fitowa a tsakanin watanni 13 zuwa 19 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 11 da haihuwa.

    5. Molars na biyu na sama (second upper molars), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 25 zuwa 33 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 12 da haihuwa.

    6. Molars na farko na ƙasa (first lower molars), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 14 zuwa 18 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 11 da haihuwa.

    7. Molars na biyu na ƙasa (second lower molars), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 23 zuwa 31 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 12 da haihuwa.

    8. Canines na ƙasa (lower canines cuspid), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 17 zuwa 23 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 12 da haihuwa.

    9. Incisors na gefen dasashin ƙasa (lateral lower incisors), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 10 zuwa 16 da haihuwa, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 7 zuwa 8 da haihuwa.

    10. Incisors na tsakiyar dasashin ƙasa (central lower incisors), suna fitowa a tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 10 da haihu, sa’annan suna faɗuwa a tsakanin shekaru 6 zuwa 7 da haihuwa.

    Idan jariri ya kai wata 6, garkuwar jikinsa takan fara canzawa domin a daidai wannan lokacin ne ake buƙatar a fara ba shi wasu nau’ukan abinci bayan nonon uwa. Sa’annan a lokacin ne yaro yakan riƙa sanya abubuwan duk da ya raruma a cikin bakinsa. Hakan zai sanya shi cikin hatsarin kamuwa da cututtuka.

    Alamomin rashin lafiya waɗanda yaro yakan nuna a daidai wannan lokacin su ne rashin bacci, yawan rigima, ƙurajen jiki, mura, dalalar miyau, cizon nono, da gudawa. Duk ana alaƙanta su da fitar haƙora. Sai dai waɗannan yanayin ba su daɗewa yaro zai warware.

    Wani lokaci idan haƙori zai fito, za a ga wurin fitowar a kan dasashi ya ɗan kumbura kuma ya yi launin shuɗi-mai ruwan ƙasa (blue-grey), wanda ake kira “eruption cyst”. Amma ba ya daɗewa yakan baje da zarar haƙorin ya fito.

    Sai dai ana buƙatar uwa ta taimakawa yaro domin samun sauƙin yanayin, ta hanyar mammatsa dasashin da hannunta mai tsabta, ba shi abin taunawa maras zaƙi, goge masa miyau mai dalala, ba shi maganin kashe raɗadi, da sauransu.

    Fitowar haƙora ga yaro suna da matuƙar muhimmanci domin su ne suke bai wa yaron damar iya cin abincin manya, da fitar sautin magana babu gura-gura, da sanya kyawun fuska, da samar da gurbin fitowar haƙora na din-din-din.

    Sa’annan yana da muhimmanci uwa ta kula da tsabtar haƙoran yaronta a lokacin da suke fitowa, ta hanyar wanke masa baki sau biyu a yini. Za ta iya yin amfani da brush maras ƙarfi tare da man goge baki. Idan aka lura da cewa haƙoransa sun sami matsala, to, a kai shi asibiti.

    ZUBEWAR HAƘORA (TEETH LOSS OR SHEDDING)

    Kamar yadda na faɗa a sama, haƙoran yarinta za su fara zubewa idan yaro ya kai shekara 6, domin haƙoran din-din-din su maye bayansu. Wannan shi ake kira ‘famfara” da Hausa. Wasu yaran ma sukan fara yin famfara tun suna da shekaru 4 da haihuwa.

    HAƘORAN DIN-DIN-DIN (PERMANENT OR SECONDARY TEETH)

    Haƙoran din-din-din su ne waɗanda mutum yake da su a lokacin da ya kai shekaru 21 da haihuwa kuma da su zai cigaba da rayuwa. Idan suka faɗi, ba za su sake fitowa ba, sai dai mutum ya rayu a matsayin wawulo. Ko kuma ya je asibiti a yi masa haƙoran roba.

    Yawanci haƙoran din-din-din guda 32 ne, 16 a kan dasashin sama kuma 16 a a kan dasashin ƙasa. Amma akan sami mutanen da turamen haƙoransu na 3 (third molar teeth) su ƙi fitowa, don haka sai su zamo masu haƙora 28 maimakon 32.

    Daga ƙarshe, ya kamata mu san cewa fitowar turmin haƙori na ƙarshen dasashi wanda Hausawa suke kira “haƙorin hankali”, ba shi ne yake nuna da zarar ya fito shikenan mutum zai zamo mai hankali ba. A a, abinda ake nufi shi ne idan shekarun mutum na haihuwa suka kai lokacin fitowarsa, to, ana kyautata zaton ya kai shekarun da ya kamata ya natsu.

    Danna nan don karanta Harara Garke

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Rahamar Ubangiji Ga Bayinsa

    Rahamar Ubangiji Ga Bayinsa

    Yayin da Allah ubangiji ya halicci mutum ya yi nufin alheri da rabautar duniya da ni’imar lahira da aljanna gareshi amma wannan duk ba ya samuwa sai idan mutum ya yi amfani da hankalinsa da kuma abin da ya dace da ruhinsa da jikinsa, wannan kuwa yana buƙatar abin da zai ɗauke waɗannan buƙatu waɗanda ba wanda zai iya samar da dukkan wannan sai mahaliccin mutum ɗin da ya san shi, kuma ya san buƙatunsa.

    Tun da Allah yana son rabauta ne ga mutum shi ya sa ya halicce shi, don haka ne sai ya samar masa da hanya kamila da zai bi domin samun rabauta ta hanyar wasu amintattun bayi nasa da suke ma’asumai daga dukkan kuskure da mantuwa kuma tsarkaka daga dukkan aibobi da zunubai waɗannan su ne annabawa da manzanni.

    Don haka ne: Annabi shi mutum ne da Allah ya yi masa wahayi ya zaɓe shi a cikin mutane kuma sun kasu gida biyu: Annabi ɗan saƙo shi ne wanda aka aiko domin ya tseratar da mutane daga duhu zuwa haske daga ɓarna zuwa gaskiya daga camfi zuwa gaskiya daga jahilci zuwa ilmi. Annabi ba ɗan saƙo ba: shi ne wanda aka yi masa wahayi zuwa ga kansa kuma ba a umarce shi ya isar da saƙon ga mutane ba.

    Yahudawa suna bin Annabi Musa (a.s) kiristoci kuma Annabi Isa (a.s) musulmi kuma Annabi Muhammad (s.a.w) da sauran annabawa duka. Sai dai musulunci ya shafe sauran addinai da suka rigaya, bai halatta ba ma’abotansu su wanzu a kansu, dole ne a kan kowa ne mutum ya bi koyarwar musulunci. Ubangiji yana cewa: “wanda ya yi riƙo da wani addini ba musulunci ba to ba za a karɓa daga gareshi ba, kuma shi a lahira yana daga cikin masu hasara”.

    Don haka yahudanci da kiristanci ɓarna ne da aka shafe su, amma musulunci mai wanzuwa ne har zuwa ranar kiyama. Annabi Muhammad (s.a.w) shi ne ƙarshen annabawa kuma addininsa shi ne musulunci mai shafe duk wani addini kuma shari’arsa za ta wanzu har zuwa ranar ƙiyama kuma ita kaɗai ce shari’ar da za ta azurta mutum da tabbatar masa da burinsa da amincinsa har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwa duniya da lahira.

    Kamar yadda shi kaɗai ne mutum abin koyi ga dukkan duniya baki ɗaya, dukkan mutanen duniya idan suna son alheri ga kawukansu to dole ne su bi tafarkinsa su yi koyi da kyawawan halayensa (s.a.w) da kuma sanin sashen tarihinsa da ba makawa mu kawo wasu daga siffofinsa (s.a.w): Shi ne Muhammad ɗan Abdullah (s.a.w) kuma mahaifiyarsa ita ce Aminatu ‘yar Wahab.

    An haife shi a Makka ranar Litinin goma sha-biyu ga watan Rabi’ul awwal a shekarar giwa, a zamanin sarki mai adalci Kisra. (wato idan an kwatanta shi da ire-Irensa a cikin sarakunan wannan zamani). An aiko Annabi Muhammad (s.a.w) da saƙo yana ɗan shekara 40 yayin da Jibrilu (a.s) ya sauka gareshi daga wurin Allah (S.A.W) yana kogon Hira wanda yake dutse ne a Makka ya ce masa ka karanta kuma ya saukar masa da ayoyi biyar na surar Alaƙi.

    Sai ya zo ya tsaya a kan dutsen Safa a masallaci mai alfarma na Makka a lokcin akwai jama’a masu yawa a wurin da ake taruwa ya isar da saƙon Allah na shiryar da mutane zuwa ga imani da shi yana cewa da su: “Ku ce babu abin bauta da gaskiya sai Allah kwa rabauta”. A lokacin tunda mutanen Makka mushirikai ne, kuma suna ganin maslaharsu ita ce shirka kuma suna tsoron maslaharsu sai suka riƙa yi masa isgili suna yi masa dariya suna cutar da shi.

    Kuma duk sa’adda ya dage wajen shiryar da su sai su dage wajen cutar da shi har ya ce: “Ba a cutar da wani Annabi ba kamar yadda aka cutar da ni”. Yayin da takurawar mushirikai ta yi yawa sai ya yi hijira zuwa Madina wannan kuwa ita ce hijirar farko a tarihin Musulmi, yayin da suka yi yawa sai ƙarfinsu ya daɗu kuma suka samu koyarwa daga Manzon Allah da shari’arsa mai sauƙi mai hikima, da kuma misali na kyawawan halaye da mutumtaka da wayewa da cigaba a Madina har suka fi dukkan duniya da addini na sama da waɗanda ba na sama ba.

    Kuma an samu yaƙoƙi masu yawa a Madina kuma dukkaninsu sun zama domin kare kai ne daga maƙiya mushirikai da yahudawa da kiristoci da suke kai hari kan musulmi, kuma Annabi a kowane lokaci yana zaɓar ɓangaren sulhu da zaman lafiya ne da rangwame, don haka ne ma adadin waɗanda ake kashewa daga ɓangarorin biyu ba su da yawa a dukkan yaƙoƙinsa tamanin da wani abu, wato; waɗanda aka kashe na musulmi da kafirai duka ba su kai sama da dubu ɗaya da ɗari huɗu ba.

    Tun lokacin da aka aiko Annabi da saƙo har ya tafi daga duniya wahayi yana sauka gareshi kuma Jibrilu (a.s) shi ne ake aiko masa daga wajen Ubangiji (S.A.W) a hankali a hankali har littafin Kur’ani ya cika a cikin shekaru ashirin da uku. Manzo (s.a.w) ya kasance yana tsara wa musulmi duniyarsu da addininsu, yana sanar da su littafi da hikima kuma yana yi musu bayanin dokokin ibada da biyayya da mu’amala da zamantakewa da siyasa da tattalin arziki da sauransu.

    Sai Allah ya saukar da ayar: “A yau ne na kammala muku addininku, na cika ni’imata gareku kuma na yardar muku da musulunci shi ne addini”. A taƙaice, ya tattara dukkan wata ɗabi’a mai kyau da girma da ɗaukaka da kuma ilimi da adalci da taƙawa da kuma iya tafiyar da al’amuran duniya da na lahira, waɗanda babu wani mahaluki da yake da irinsu.

    Wannan shi ne annabin musulmi kuma wannan shi ne addinin musulunci, kuma addininsa shi ne mafificin addinai, littafinsa shi ne mafifcin littattafai domin shi: “Barna ba ta iya zo masa ta gabansa da ta bayansa, abin saukarwa ne daga mai hikima abin yabo”. Muhimmancin samuwar wannan annabi mai daraja wanda ya kasance hanyar shiriya ga dukkan talikai da suke bayan kasa.

    Don karanta Gudunmawar Iyaye Wajen Gina Al’umma danna nan

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Gudunmawar Iyaye Wajen Gina Al’umma

    Gudunmawar Iyaye Wajen Gina Al’umma

    Tarbiyyar Al’umma abu ne da ya zama wajibi a wanzar da shi domin shi ne abu na farko da idan aka same shi komai zai tafi daidai. Tarbiya da gyaran al’umma sun fara ne tun daga gida a wajen Mahaifiya don haka dole Uwa ta zama mai kyakkyawar ɗabi’a. Mata su ne ginin duk wani gida da kuma al’umma don haka dole a ba su fifiko saboda kusancinsu da ƙananan yara.

    Iyayen mu da kakanninmu, idan za su kai ‘ya’yansu makaranta haɗawa suke yi da na maƙwabta haka zalika duk lokacin bikin sallah za ka ga ba su bambanta ‘ya’yansu da na maƙwabtansu. Suna tunanin cewa idan ya kasance tarbiyyar ɗa na da na makwabcina da tunanin su ya zama ɗaya akwai tabbaci mai ƙarfi na cewar zan zauna lafiya kuma babu wani abu na fargaba da zai faru ko da zai faru zai zo da sauƙi.

    Hakan ya na nuna mana cewa a cikin Al’umma iyaye suke da babbar gudumawa wajen gina al’ummarsu, kuma hakan na nuna mana cewa yaro ba na mutun ɗaya ba ne. Ba ka jiran sai ka haihu kafin ka ba da tarbiyya. Sannan ba sai kana da ƙani ba domin idan ba ka haihu ba yan’ uwanka sun haihu idan ba ka da ƙani cikin ahalin ku akwai yara koma ba yara, kai kanka ba tsira ka yi ba idan ya kasance Al’ummar da kake rayuwa cikinta basu da Tarbiyya.
    Anyi wani lokaci yara da yawa sun yi karatu kuma sun samu tarbiyya ba tare da saka hannun iyayen su ba domin kowa yana tsoron yaran sa su lalace.

    Hakan yasa suka zaɓi haɗa kan yaran su dana ‘yan uwa da maƙwabta domin su kasance duk iri ɗaya. Da yawa za ka ji iyayen mu suna ba mu labari ai Baban su wane ne ya kai ni makaranta. Duk mai ya ja hakan? Ba komai ba ne sai neman zaman lafiya domin Bahaushe yana cewa “WAKE ƊAYA KE ƁATA GARI”. Wannan kuma duk na cikin dabara na iyaye da hangen nesa irin nasu bisa tarbiyar ‘ya’yansu da na maƙwabta shi yasa a lokacin da ake haka yara suke darajta iyayen wasu saboda sun ba su gudumawa tamkar iyayensu.

    Muhimmancin Tarbiyya A wurin Ginin Al’umma.

    Mai tarbiyya yakan taimakawa wajen samar da yara manyan gobe masu nagarta da kawo cigaban al’umma. Mai tarbiyya yakan samu karɓuwa a cikin ai’umma. Mai tarbiyya yakan zama da hikima, mutum yakan iya zama abin misali ga wani. Tarbiyya kan sa mutum ya yi magana cikin nutsuwa.

    Mai tarbiyya yana iya shugabantar jama’a yadda ya dace. Mai tarbiyya yakan san daraja da kimar mutum. Mai tarbiyya yakan zama mai ibada. Mai tarbiyya yakan zama da haƙuri da juriya. Mai tarbiyya yana tsoron Allah.

    Yana da kyau a ɓangaren matasa su zama masu baiwa iyaye gudunmawa da taimako wurin kulawa da na ƙasa da su. Sannan abinda ya fi komai muhimmanci shi ne mu guji aikata duk wani abu mai muni domin da su ne na ƙasa za su yi koyi, idan suka lalace ta yaya za su iya gyara wani.

    Yana da kyau nuna wa yara muhimmancin zuwa makaranta da dagewa su yi karatu tare da fahimtar da su ga barin duk wani abu mara amfani ga rayuwarsu. Haka zalika yana da kyau mu rinƙa tsawatarwa wurin umarni da kyakkyawa da barin mummuna. Domin idan mutane suka zama nagartattu duk za mu tsira.

    Idan Al’ummar da kake ciki tana da tarbiyya toh za ka rayu cikin kwanciyar hankali. Idan kuwa har kana fatan hakan, ya zama dole ka ba da gudunmawa wurin tabbatar da Tarbiyya cikin Al’umma. Tarbiyya aikin mu ne duka bai kamata mu naɗe hannu mu jira sai mun haihu ba, domin idan muka gyara kafin mu haihu mun ragewa kan mu aiki.

    Danna nan don karanta Me Za Ka Yi Idan Ɗan Uwanka Zai Mutu?

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Harara Garke (STRABISMUS)

    Harara Garke (STRABISMUS)

    A likitance ana kiran harara garke “strabismus”. A turance kuma yana da sunaye da yawa kamar “cross-eye” ko “boss-eye” ko “squint-eye” ko “cock-eye” ko “lazy-eye”. Harara garke yanayi ne da ke sanya idanun mutum su kasa daidaituwa (misalignment) idan yana kallon wani abu. WatO za a ga kamar ba abin yake kallo ba, alhali kuma shi yake kallo. Ana iya haihuwar mutum da harara garke, ko kuma ya same shi lokacin yarintarsa, ko bayan ya girma. Matsalar lalacewar tsokokin ido ita ce babbar abinda ke kawo shi.

    TSOKOKIN DA SUKE SARRAFA MOTSIN IDANU (MUSCLES THAT CONTROL EYES MOVEMENT)

    Akwai tsokokin da suke sarrafa motsin idanun mutum. Ana kiransu “ocular eye muscles”, kuma guda 6 ne kamar haka:

    1. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga sama (superior rectus muscle): Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido sama idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Sa’annan tana taimakawa ƙwayar ido juyawa gefen hanci. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ta kalli sama ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa sama, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya sama, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.

    2. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga ƙasa (imperior rectus muscle): Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ƙasa idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Sa’annan tana taimakawa ƙwayar ido juyawa gefen kumatu. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ta kalli ƙasa ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa ƙasa, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya ƙasa, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.

    3. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga gefen hanci (medial rectus muscle): Aikin wannan tsokar shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ta kalli gefen hanci idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa gefen hanci, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.

    4. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga gefen kumatu (lateral rectus muscle): Aikin wannan tsokar shi ne juya ƙwayar ido gefen kumatu idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa gefen kumatu, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.

    5. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga saman ƙwayar idon (superior oblique muscle): A saman ƙwayar ido take kuma ta gangara har can cikin ƙwayar idon. Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ta kalli gefen hanci da kuma gefen kumatu. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa gefen hancin ko gefen kumatun ba. Hakan zai sa idanunsa tsayawa kyam babu juyawa dama ko hagu.

    6. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga ƙasan ƙwayar idon (imperior oblique muscle): A ƙasan ƙwayar ido take kuma ta yi sama har can cikin ƙwayar idon. Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ta kalli gefen kunci. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ba.

    RABE-RABEN HARARA GARKE (TYPES OF STRABISMUS)

    Bisa la’akari da tsokokin da suke sarrafa motsin idanu, da kuma illar rashin yin aikinsu idan suna da matsala, harara garke ya rabu gida 4 kamar haka:

    1. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon gefen hanci (esotropia).

    2. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon gefen kunci (exotropia).

    3. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon sama (hypertropia).

    4. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon ƙasa (hypotropia).

    NAU’IN HARARA GARKE (TYPES OF STRABISMUS)

    Nau’in harara garke waɗanda suka fi shahara guda 2 ne:

    1. Harara garke mai faruwa a lokacin da mutum yake ƙoƙarin kallon abinda ke kusa da shi (accommodative strabismus): Irin wannan harara garken ba a ganin mutum da shi sai idan yana kallon abinda ke kusa. Ma’ana, idan yana kallon nesa, to, ba za a ga harara garken ba. Amma idan yana kallon kusa, sai idonsa ɗaya ko duka biyun su kalli gefen hancinsa. Hakan yana faruwa ne saboda baya iya ganin abinda ke kusa sosai, har sai idon ya karkata gefen hancinsa. Ƙoƙarin daidaita idon ya kalli abinda ke kusa, shi ne “accommodative” ɗin. Wannan ya fi kama mutum a lokacin yarinta, kuma akan yi maganinsa ne ta hanyar amfani da tabarau na likita.

    2. Harara garke mai faruwa lokaci-lokaci (intermittent strabismus): Wannan shi ne wanda ido guda ɗaya yake kallon abinda ake buƙata, amma ɗayan yana kallon gefen kunci. Mutum mai wannan nau’in harara garken yakan yi fama da gani biyu-biyu, wahalar ganin rubutu, da zazzare idanu wajen kallon nesa. Yana iya kama mutum a kowane lokaci na rayuwarsa, kuma akan magance shi ta hanyar amfani da tabarau na likita.

    ABUBUWAN DA SUKE HADDASA HARARA GARKE (CAUSES OF STRABISMUS)

    Babban abinda yake haddasa harara garke shi ne lalacewar tsokoki masu sarrafa motsin ƙwayar ido, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata. Bayan shi, akwai wasu dalilai kamar haka:

    1. Gado (inheritance) daga wani a cikin zuriyya.

    2. Rashin ƙarfin gani (poor eye vision) saboda cututtukan ido.

    3. Ciwon laka na sahuhanci (down syndrome).

    4. Ciwon laka na rashin ƙarfin jiki (cerebral palsy).

    5. Cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa (brain diseases).

    6. Shanyewar tsagin jiki (stroke) saboda hawan jini.

    7. Cututtukan laka (neurological disorders).

    8. Rashin daidaiton sinadarin thyroid (grave disease).

    LOKACIN DA AKE GANE HARARA GARKE (STAGE OF STRABISMUS DETECTION)

    Idanun jariri sabuwar haihuwa za a gansu kamar harara garke. Hakan yana faruwa ne saboda jijiyoyi da tsokokin idonsa ba su girma ba. Idan ya kai wata 3 zuwa 4, to za su gyaru kuma zai iya kallo kai-tsaye. A cikin watanni 6 zuwa shekara 1 zai ƙware sosai wajen kallo. Idan iyaye suka ga idanunsa ba su tsaya sosai ba wajen kallo, to, sai su tafi da shi asibiti domin a duba shi. Na faɗa da farko cewa harara garke zai iya kama mutum a shekarun yarinta kamar daga shekara 3 zuwa goma. Wani kuma sai ya balaga.

    MAGANCE HARARA GARKE (TREATMENT OF STRABISMUS)

    Magance harara garke ya danganta da tsananinsa da kuma abinda ya haddasa shi. Don haka, hanyoyin magance shi sun haɗa da:

    1. Amfani da tabarau mai ƙara girman abubuwa wanda likita ya bayar.

    2. Allurai, ƙwayyoyi, da magungunan ɗigawa wanda likita ya bayar.

    3. Aikin tiyata na tsokar ido mai matsala.

    4. Atisayen daidaita ganin ido wanda likita ya koyar.

    Rashin magance harara garke zai haifar da rashin gani da kyau, ciwon kai, zazzare idanu, gani biyu-biyu, da rashin ƙwarin gwiwar hulɗa da mutane.Allah ka kare mu da lafiya, amin.

    Don karanta Ƙaiƙayi Mai Kamar Tafiyar Kiyashi A Jikin Mutum danna nan

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Warin Gaban Mace Da Yake Nuna Matsala

    Warin Gaban Mace Da Yake Nuna Matsala

    1. Idan mace ta rinƙa jin gaban ta yana ɗoyin warin kifi, to wannan yana nuni da ƙananun ƙwayoyin halittar bacteria masu haɗari sun rinjayi masu amfanin dake gaban mace. Ƙarin alamu sun haɗa da fitar farin ruwa, jin zafi wajen yin fitsari da kuma ƙaiƙayi saman gaban mace. Awani ɓangaren kuma idan mace tana jin warin kifi ga gaban ta haɗe da fitar tsanwa ko ɗorowan ruwa jin zafin fitsari da kuma ƙaiƙayi to wannan yana nuna alamaun trochomoniasis cutar da ake ɗauka ta hanyar saduwa.

    2. Idan kuma mace najin wari a gabanta kamar ana gasa bread wanda ya ƙone haɗe da fitar wani abu ta gaba kamar dussa-dussar cukui da matsanancin ƙaiƙayi a cikin matunci da wajen matunci to wannan alamu ne da ke nuna akwai (YEAST INFECTION)

    3. Idan mace tana jin mugun ɗoyi wanda ke haɗe da zazzaɓi ,matsanancin ciwon mara da kuma jin zafi yayin saduwa to wannan alamu ne da ke nuni da mace na da PID.

    4. In wari kamar warin cukui wanda ba kasafai ake samun shi ba. Shi wannan yana da nasaba da kamar macen da ke da yeast infection ta haɗu da irin sinadaran da ake shafawa ga gaba kafin saduwa ko macen da ke trichomoniasis a saka condom wajen saduwa da ita.

    WARIN GABAN MACE DA ZAI IYA ZAMA BA MATSALA BA

    1. Wari kamar na ruɓaɓɓen abinci ga gaban mace in dai ba wasu alamun ƙaiƙayin , wari ƙarni ko ƙuraje Gaba, ko kumburin gaba, to wani lokaci ba matsala ba ne. Wannan yana da nasaba da macen da take barin panties ga jikin su na tsawon wuni lokaci ba a canza ba. Hakan na da nasaba da haɗuwar kamar tsohon jini, ƙwayoyin bacteria da aka halitta ga gaban mace don wani amfani da kuma cakuɗuwar su da ruwan da ke fita ga gaban mace ga panties ɗin ta.

    2. Jin wari kamar na man bleaching lokacin saduwa na da nasaba da abinda aka yi amfani da shi don taushi ga gaban mace lokacin saduwa ko kuma hanyar kariya kamar amfani da condom.

    3. Jin wari kamar na muski yana da nasaba da idan mace ta yi wani aiki mai yawa sai gabanta ya fitar da zufa mai wari kamar na muski.

    4. Jin wari kamar na wani abu mai zaƙi yana da nasaba da abubuwan da mace ke ci ko sha. Idan abubuwan da mace ke ci sun shafi ababe masu zaƙi to za ta rinƙa jin shi ga gabanta sakamakon zufar jiki. Shi yasa wasu matan ke yawan shan abarba da sauran fruits.

    Don karanta Zinariyar Awa Ga Jariranmu danna nan

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu

  • Shan Azumi Ga Matafiya

    Shan Azumi Ga Matafiya

    Shari’ar Musulunci ta sauƙaƙawa matafiya, idan za su yi tafiya wacce za ta ba su wahala sosai, sai su ajiye azumin su, bayan sallah, sai su rama abin da suka sha, kamar yadda wannan hadisin ya nuna mana haka;

    حدثنى يحي عن مالك عن هاسم بن عروة عن أبيه: أن همزة بن أمرو لأسلمى قال لرسول لله صلى الله عليه وسلم يارسول لله إنى رجل أصوم أفأصوم فى السفر, فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم :إن شئت فصم وإن شئت فأفطر.

    An ruwaito daga Yahaya daga Malik daga Hashim bin Urwata daga mahaifiyarsa (yace) Tabbas Hamza bin Amru Al-asalami yace ga Mazon Allah (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), Ni mutum mai azumi shin zan iya ajiye azumi (idan tafiya ta kama Ni), idan kuma ka so ka yi azumi, idan kuma ka so ka sha azumi.

    Saboda haka ba wajibi ne a kan matafiya a duk lokacin da za su yi tafiya, sai sun sha azumi ba, saboda wannan hadisin na annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), ya nuna mana idan ka so ka yi azumi, haka kuma idan ka so ka ajiye azumi, ka ga a nan an ba shi zaɓi ne, amma idan matafiya sun ƙi shan azumin a cikin tafiyarsu, babu laifi a kan su, sannan kuma azumi a cikin azuminsu ya yi, Saboda ba cewa aka yi dole sai mutum ya ajiye azumi, idan zai yi tafiya zuwa wani wajen.

    حدثنى مالك عن نافع : أن عبيدالله بن عمر كان لا يصوم فى السفر.

    An ruwaito daga Malik daga Nafi’u (yace) Tabbas Abdullah bin Umar ya kasance yana cewa ba ya yin azumi idan zai yi tafiya.

    حدثنى مالك عن هاشم بن عروة عن أبيه : أنه كان يسافر فى رمصان ونسافرمعه فيصوم عروة ونفطر نحن,فلا يأمرنا بالصيام.

    An ruwaito daga Malik daga Hashim bin Urwata daga mahaifinsa (yace), Tabbas ya kasance, yana yin tafiya a cikin watan Ramadan, sannan kuma muna tafiya tare da shi, sai Urwata ya yi azumi, mu kuma sai mu sha azumi (Sannan shi Urwata) ba ya umartan mu da mu yi azumi.

    Abin nufi a nan shi ne, sun kasance suna tafiya tare da Urwata, sai wata rana Urwata ya tashi da azumi, sai su kuma su sha azumi, Saboda annabi Muhammda (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) yace an sauƙaƙa ga wanda zai yi tafiya ya sha azumi, bayan sallah sai ya rama abin da ya sha.

    Sannan kuma a wannan lokacin shi Urwata ba ya takura musu ko Umartarsu da yin azumi, saboda wannan dalilai, amma idan mutum zai yi tafiya sai ya ƙi ajiye azuminsa, azuminsa ya yi, saboda ajiye azumin ba wajibi ba ne.

    Bugu da ƙari kuma, idan mutum yana azumi, sai tafiya ta kama shi, sai kuma ya ji tsoron zai sha wahala a cikin tafiyarsa, sai ya ajiye azuminsa, bayan sallah sai ya rama abin da ya sha.

    حدثنى مالك عن إبن شهاب عن عبيدالله بن عبدالله بن عتبة إبن مسعود عن عبدالله بن عباس: أن رسول لله صلى الله عليه وسلم خرج إلى مكة عام الفتح فى رمضان ,فصام حتى بلغ الكديد, ثم أفطر فأفطر الناس,وكانوا يأ خذون بالأحدث فالأحدث من أمر رسول لله صلى الله عليه وسلم.

    An ruwaito daga Malik daga Ibin Shihab daga Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin Utbatu bin Mas’ud daga Abdullah bin Abbas (yace), haƙiƙa Mazon Allah (Sallallahu alaihi wasalla) ya fita zuwa garin Makkah, shekarar Fatahu Makkah (Buɗe Makkah) a cikin watan Ramadan, sai ya tashi da azumi, har sai da suka kai Kadida (sunan wani guri a tsakanin garin Makkah da Madina) sai (Annabi) ya sha azumi, sai su ma mutanen (Sahabban da ke tare da shi) suka sha azumi, har zuwa ƙarshen wannan hadisi.

    Saboda haka wannan hadisi ya nuna mana matuƙar mutum ya ji zai sha wahala sosai a cikin tafiyarsa zai iya shan azumi, ko rashin lafiya da sauransu. Amma kuma an ruwaito daga Umar bin Khaɗɗab ya kasance idan zai yi tafiya ba ya shan azumi kamar haka;

    حدثنى يحي عن مالك أنه بلغه: أن عمر بن الخطاب كان إذا فى سفر فى رمضان فعلم أنه داخل المدينة من أول يومه دخل وهو صائم.

    An ruwaito daga Yahaya daga Malik, labari ya same shi (cewa) haƙiƙa Umar Ibn khaɗɗab ya kasance yana tafiya a cikin watan Ramadan ba ya shan azumi, idan ya san tabbas zai shiga garin Madina a farkon ranarsa (sai ya yi azumi) alhalin shi yana azumi.

    قال مالك :وإذا أراد أن يخرج فى رمضان ,فطلع له الفجر وهو بأرضه قبل أن يخرج فإنه يصوم ذالك اليوم.

    Imam Malik bin Abbas yace idan yai nufin zai yi tafiya a cikin watan Ramadan, sai alfijir ya fito yana cikin garinsa, kafin ya fito sai ya yi niyyar azumin wannan ranar.

    Abin nufi a nan, idan Imam Malik ya haraman tafiya zuwa wani gari da Asubah, sai ya ta shi da azumi aranar, sannan kuma ya yi tafiyarsa zuwa garin da ya yi niyyar tafiya yana azumi, saboda shan azumi ba farillah ba ne.

    Haka ma babu laifi a kan matafiyin da zai yi tafiya, sai ya ji tsoron zai sha wahala, sai ya ajiye azumi, sannan ita ma matarsa ta ajiye azumi, zai iya ganawa da ita da rana matuƙar ba ta jin haila, amma a wannan hali kaɗai, saboda ba sa yin azumi, sannan kuma shari’ a ta amince su, amma idan don kawai suna so za su gana ne, to akwai kaffara a kan su.

    Danna nan don karanta Sumbatar Mace Ga Me Azumi

    Edita@rumasau-kallamu