1 – An karɓo daga Abdullahi ɗan Abbas (R.A) ya ce: Annabi (S.A.W) ya ga Yahudawa suna azumi a ranar Ashura. Sai ya ce: Mene ya zo Madina? sai suka ce: “Wannan rana ce mai daraja, a wannan yini Allah ya kuɓutar da Banu Isra’ ila daga maƙiyansu, shi ne ya sa Annabi Musa yake yin azumin ranar. Sai ya ce: “Ni na fi ku kusanci da Musa. Sai ya yi azumin ranar, ya yi umarni da azumtar ranar (Bukhari Hadisi na 2004, azumtar ranar (Bukhari Hadisi na 2004, Muslim Hadisi na 1130).
2- An karɓo daga Ibn Abbas (R.A) ya ce: “Babu wata rana da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) yake kardadan azumi a cikinta, yake fifita ta a kan sauran ranaku, sai ranar Ashura, sai kuma rañakun watan kuma rañakun watan Ramadan. (Bukhari Hadisi mai lamba (2006) Muslim Hadisi mai lamba 1132).
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3- An karɓo daga A’isha (R.A) ta ce: “Kuraishawa sun kasance suna yin azumin ranar Ashura a zamanin jahiliyya, sai Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya yi umarni a rinƙa yin azumin ranar har zuwa lokacin da aka wajabta azumin Ramadan. Daga nan sai ya ce: “Wanda ya ga dama ya yi, wanda ya ga dama sai ya bari. (Bukhari hadisi na 2001, Muslim hadisi na 1125
4- An karɓo daga Abu ƙatada (R.A) ya ce: “Haƙiƙa an tambayi Manzon Allah (S.A.W) game da azurnin Ashura, sai ya ce: “Yana kankare zunuban shekarar da ta wuce”. (Muslim hadisi na 1162).Shi kansa watan Muharram ana son yawaita azumi a cikinsa.
- An karɓo daga Abu Huraira (R.A) ya ce, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce: “Mafificin azumi bayan azumin Ramadan, shi ne azumi a watan bayan azimin Ramadan, shi ne azumi a watan Allah Al-Muharram, mafificiyar sallah bayan sallar farilla, ita ce sallar dare”. (MuslIm hadisi na (1163).Shi azumin Ashura saboda muhimmancin sa, ana iya ɗaukar niyyarsa bayan fitowar alfijir, koda kuwa mutum ya ci wani abu, saboda:
6- An karɓo daga Rubabyi’i Bint Mu’awwiz (R.A) ta ce: “Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya aika unguwannin mutanen Madina a yi shela: “Wanda ya wayi gari baya ażumi ya kame bakinsa a ragowar yinin, wanda kuwa ya tashi da azumi, to ya cigaba da azuminsa.. ” (Bukhari hadisi 1960, Muslim hadisi na 1137).
Wannan hukunci har a yanzu mazhabar Malikiyya haka yake, kamar yadda Asshaikh Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Maiyara a cikin littafinsa Addurrus Samin Shafi na 454 yake cewa:
“An keɓanci azumin Ashura da cewa wanda ya wayi gari bai kwana da niyyar azurnin ba. zai iya cigaba niyyar azumin ba, zai iya ci gaba.
Niyyar azumin koda kuwa ya ci abinci, ana so a yi azumin ranar tara ga Muharram, sannan kuma a yi na ranar goman wato Tasu’a da Ashura saboda:
7- An karɓo daga Abdullahi Ibn Abbas (R.A) ya ce: “A lokacin da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya yi azumin ashura, kuma ya yi umarmi a yi, sai aka ce da shi, wannan fa rana ce da Yahudu da Nasara suke girmamawa”. Sai ya ce: “In Allah ya yarda shekara mai zuwa sai mun fara azumtar ranar tara (Tasu ‘a) kafin shekarar Allah ya karɓi ransa (S.A.W). (Muslim hadisi na 1134).
ƘARIN BAYANI
Idan muka yi la’akari da hadisan da suka gabata za mu ga cewa, azumin Ashura yana tattare da matakai huɗu a sunnar Manzon Allah (S.A.W) waɗànnan matakai su ne:
1- Annabi (S.A.W) ya kasance yana yin azumin ashura, tun yana Makka kafin Hijira, amma bai umarci mutane da su yi ba.
2- Lokacin da ya yi hijra zuwa Madina, ya ga Yahudawa suna azumin Ashura, kuma su ma Yahudawa suna azumin Ashura, kuma suna girmama ranar, shi kuma da ma yana son ya dace da su a kan abubuwan da ba a yi masa wani umarni a kai ba, sai ya ci gaba da azumtar ranar, ya kuma umarci mutane da yi, ya ƙarfafa umarni, ya kwaɗaitar har ta kai
lokacin da aka wajabta azumin watan Ramadan, sai ya daina yin umarni da azumin Ashura, wato sai ya tashi daga wajibi ya koma na sa-kai (Mustahabbi). 3- A ƙarshen rayuwarsa Manzon Allah (S.AW) ya yi niyyar yin azumin Tasu’a tare da Ashura, sai ya koma ga Allah kafin lokacin, domin ya koma ga Allah kafin lokacin, domin ya saɓawa Yahudawa da Nasara.
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