Abin da yasa na sake yin wannan rubutun shi ne ganin yawan tambayoyin da ‘yan-uwa mata suke ta yi a kan matsalar a kullum.
Zubar ruwan nono babu ciki ko goyo yana faruwa ne saboda hauhawar sinadarin prolactin a cikin jikin mace. Akwai wata ƙaramar jaka (gland) wacce take maƙale a jikin ƙasan ƙwaƙwalwa, wacce ake kira “pituitary gland’, ita ce take samar da sinadarin prolactin ɗin.
Idan jakar tana samar da sinadarin prolactin fiye da yadda jikin mace yake buƙata, to, shi ne hauhawar sinadarin prolactin wanda ake kira “hyperprolactinemia” a likitance. Idan kuma jakar tana samar da sinadarin prolactin ƙasa da abinda jiki yake buƙata, to, shi ne “hypoprolactinemia”.
Idan kuwa prolactin yana zubowa daidai da halin da jikin mace yake buƙata, to, shi ne “normal physiological prolactin level”. Magana ta gama-gari ita ce, adadin yawan sinadarin prolactin da ake buƙata a jikin mace, bisa ma’aunin ɗakin binciken kimiyya (laboratory), shi ne:
1. Macen da ba ta da ciki (non-pregnant woman): 25 micrograms per litre (mcg/L).
2. Macen da take da ciki (pregnant woman): daga 80 zuwa 400 mcg/L.
3. Macen da take shayarwa: daga 200 zuwa 400 mcg/L.
NAU’IN RUWAN NONON DA YAKE ZUBO WA MACE SAKAMAKON HAUHAWAR SINADARIN PROLACTIN
Idan mace tana da matsalar hauhawar sinadarin prolactin, to, ruwan nonon da zai riƙa zubo mata zai kasance kamar haka:
1. Launi (colour): launinsa zai iya zamowa fari (whitish), ko garai-garai (clear), ko ɗorowa (yellowish).
2. Kauri (texture): zai iya zamowa maras kauri (watery), ko mai danƙo (sticky).
3. Yawan zuba (discharge frequency): zai iya zamowa yana zuba a kai-a kai (continuously), ko lokaci-lokaci (intermittently), ko sai an matsa (when nipple is squeezed).
4. Ɗanɗano (taste): zai iya zamowa mai ɗanɗanon zaƙi-zaƙi (sweetened), ko gishiri-gishiri (salty), ko maras ɗanɗano (tasteless).
YADDA HAUHAWAR SINADARIN PROLACTIN YAKE HANA MACE ƊAUKAR JUNA BIYU
Yawanci mace mai hauhawar sinadarin prolactin takan kasa ɗaukar juna biyu. Dalili shi ne sinadarin yana haifar da abubuwa kamar haka:
1. Hana mace iya saka ƙwan haihuwa (suppression of ovulation): hauhawar sinadarin prolactin yana hana jikin mace zubo da ruwan gonadotropin releasing hormones (GnRH) daga jakar thalamus wacce take cikin ƙwaƙwalwa (hypothalamus).
Shi kuma GnRH dole sai ya zubo sa’annan jakar sinadarin pituitary wacce take cikin ƙwaƙwalwa za ta zubo da sinadarin luteinizing hormone (LH), wanda yake da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen bai wa mace damar saka ƙwan haihuwa (ovulation) da kuma yin al’ada yadda ya kamata (normal menstrual cycle).
2. Rikicewar al’ada (irregular menstruation): hauhawar sinadarin prolactin yana haifar da rikicewar al’ada ko kuma ɗaukewarta gaba ɗaya. Hakan zai iya sanya ɗaukar juna biyu ya yi wahala.
3. Rikita ayyukan jakar ƙwan haihuwa (interference with ovarian function): hauhawar sinadarin prolactin yana hana jakar kwan haihuwa ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata ta fuskar samar da ƙwan haihuwa da kuma yin girmansa.
4. Rashin samar da yanayi mai kyau a mahaifa (impaired corpus luteum function): koda juna biyu ya samu, kuma ƙyanƙyasasshen ƙwan haihuwa ya shige cikin mahaifa, to, akwai buƙatar kyakkyawan yanayi domin rayuwar ɗan-tayi. Hakan zai yiwu ne idan jikin mace yana samar da sinadarin progesterone isasshe. Shi kuma progesterone ba zai samu ba sai idan halittar corpus luteum tana da kyau.
A taƙaice, idan mace ta ga ruwan nono yana zubo mata alhalin babu ciki ko goyo, kuma ta daɗe sosai da yin yaye, to, ta je asibiti domin a yi bincike a tabbatar da daidaiton zubar ruwan sinadarin prolactin ɗinta. Amma akan samu matan da ruwan nononsu ba ya ɗaukewa kwata-kwata, kuma hakan ba ya hana musu ɗaukar juna biyu, sai dai ba su da yawa a cikin mata.
ABUBUWAN DA SUKE HAIFAR DA HAUHAWAR SINADARIN PROLACTIN
Su ne:
1. Tsirowar ƙari a jikin jakar sinadarin pituitary (prolactinomas): wannan ƙari ne amma ba na cancer ba (noncancerous tumour) wanda yake sanya zubar ruwan sinadarin prolactin. Abubuwan da suke haddasa fitowar ƙarin prolactinomas su ne gado, hauhawar sinadarin estrogen, juna biyu, wahalhalun bayan haihuwa, cututtukan jakar sinadarin pituitary.
2. Laulayin amfani da magunguna (medication side effects): yin amfani da magungunan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa (antipsychotics), ko magungunan rage damuwa (antidepressants) ko magungunan hawan jini (antihypertensives), ko magungunan hana tashin zuciya da amai (antinausea), duk suna iya haifar da hauhawar sinadarin prolactin.
3. Rashin yin aikin jakar sinadarin thyroid yadda ya kamata (hypothyroidism): wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon yin tiyata a jakar thyroid, ko ƙarancin sinadarin iodine, ko gado, ko laulayin hasken na’urar hoton x-ray, ko nisan shekaru.
4. Daɗaɗɗen ciwon ƙoda (chronic kidney disease): idan ƙoda ba ta yin aikinta yadda ya kamata na sarrafa sinadarin prolactin, to, akwai yiwuwar ya hauhawa ya haddasa zubar ruwan nono.
5. Ɗaukar juna biyu da shayarwa (pregnancy and breastfeeding): samun juna biyu da shayarwa suna sanya hauhawar sinadarin prolactin domin samun isasshen ruwan nono ga jariri. Wasu matan sukan yi tazarce kamar yadda na faɗa a sama. Ma’ana, ko da sun yi yaye, to, sinadarin prolactin ɗin ba zai sauka ba. Don haka za su cigaba da ganin zubar ruwan nono har su sake samun wani cikin. Wannan ba matsala ba ne Insha Allah.
6. Damuwa da kuma ayyukan motsa jiki mai tsanani (stress and excessive physical exercise): idan mace tana yawan shiga cikin yanayin damuwa, to, akwai yiwuwar sinadarin prolactin ɗinta ya hauhawa. Haka nan idan tana yin ayyukan motsa jiki mai yawa.
7. Hauhawar sinadarin prolactin wanda aka kasa gane asalinsa (idiopathic hyperprolactinemia): akwai lokacin da mace za ta sami hauhawar sinadarin prolactin, kuma duk binciken da za a yi, amma daga ƙarshe sai a kasa gane abinda ya haddasa shi.
DALILIN DA YASA HAUHAWAR SINADARIN PROLACTIN YAKE DA WUYAR MAGANI
Mata masu yawa suna yin ƙorafin cewa sun yi amfani da magunguna da yawa har sun gaji, amma matsalar zubar ruwan nono ba ta sake su ba. Lallai warkar da matsalar yana da wahala saboda dalilai kamar haka:
1. Rashin iya gano ainihin abinda ya haifar da matsar (inability to diagnose the root cause): matuƙar likita bai yi binciken ƙwaƙwaf wajen gano abinda ya haifar da hauhawar sinadarin prolactin ba, to, zai yi wahala a magance ta cikin sauƙi. Za a yi ta magani daban kuma ciwo daban. Ma’ana, ya kamata a bibiyi dukkan abubuwan da na faɗa a sama ɗaya-bayan-ɗaya har a gano tushen matsalar.
2. Girman ƙarin prolactinomas (tumour size): Idan fitowar ƙarin prolactinomas ne ya haifar da matsalar, to, girman ƙarin zai iya shafar saurin warkewa ko rashin warkewar matsalar. Ma’ana, idan ƙarin ƙarami ne, to, zai fi sauƙin warkarwa. Idan kuwa ya girma, to, sai an dage da shan magani. Ƙila ma sai an yi aikin tiyata.
3. Amsar da jikin mace yake yi wa magani (medication tolerance): halittar jikin mutane ta bambanta, wani yana da saurin amsar magani, wani kuwa akwai wahalar amsar magani. Magungunan da aka fi yin amfani da su wajen magance zubar ruwan nono su ne bromocriptine ko cabergoline. Jikin mace ya bambanta wajen saurin amsa ko rashin amsarsu.
Karanta Abubuwan Da Ke Haddasa Rashin Zuwan Al’ada (AMENORRHEA)
Edita@rumasau-kallamu
