Sinadarin Ka-Fi Sugar (Artificial Sweetners)

Sinadarin ka-fi-sugar shi ne ake kira “artificial sweeteners” a turance. A likitance kuwa ana kiransa “non-nutritive sweeteners” ko “non-caloric sweeteners”. Sinadarin ka-fi sugar yana samar da ɗanɗano mai matuƙar zaƙi a baki, wanda ya fi na sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose), don haka ne ma ake yin amfani da shi a maimakon sugar. Ita sugar ta asali tana ƙunshe da sinadarin kuzari wanda ake kira “calorie”.

Ana samun calorie ne a cikin rukunnan abinci ko abin sha daban-daban, kamar abinci mai samar da kuzari (carbohydrates), abinci mai sanya girman jiki (proteins), abinci mai tara kitse a cikin jiki (fats). Idan mutum ya ci abinci mai ɗauke da calories, to, jikinsa zai sarrafa calories ɗin domin samar da kuzarin yin ayyukan yau-da-kullum (energy). Kuma calories ɗin ne suke taruwa su zamo taiba (obesity) a jikin mutum, musamman idan ba ya yin ayyukan motsa jiki (physical exercise).

Amma shi sinadarin ka-fi sugar ba ya ƙunshe da calorie ko ɗaya a cikinsa. Sinadaren zaƙi da suke cikinsa ana samunsu ne daga ruwan sinadaren kimiyya (chemicals) waɗanda ake sarrafawa a cikin ɗakin binciken kimiyya (laboratory), ko kuma tsirrai (plants) amma waɗanda aka sarrafa a ɗakin kimiyya.

Danna nan don karanta yadda ake haɗa sinadarin bleach

NAU’O’IN SINADARIN KA-FI SUGAR 

Akwai nau’o’in sinadarin ka-fi sugar waɗanda ake yin amfani da su a ƙasashen duniya daban-daban, ko dai a gidaje, ko kuma a kamfanonin sarrafa abinci da abin sha. Kaɗan daga cikinsu su ne:

. Allulose: ana tatso shi ne daga cikin ɓaure (fig), alkama (wheat), da zabibi (raisins). Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 70%. Duk da zaƙinsa, allulose ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, domin ba ya narkewa ya bi jiki. Ma’ana, mutum zai fitsarar da shi ne ko kuma ya yi kashinsa yadda ya sha shi.

. Acesulfame potassium: wanda ake kira da suna “Ace-K”, ana samun sa ne daga sinadarin potassium wanda aka sarrafa a ɗakin kimiyya na laboratory. Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 200%. Duk da zaƙinsa, acesulfame potassium ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, kuma hukomomin kula da ingancin magunguna da abinci na duniya sun amince da a yi amfani da shi a cikin abinci.

. Aspartame: ana samun sa ne daga sinadaran amino acids guda biyu masu suna “aspartic acid” da “phenylalanine” wanɗanda aka sarrafa a ɗakin kimiyya na laboratory. Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 200%.

Duk da zaƙinsa, aspartame ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, kuma hukomomin kula da ingancin magunguna da abinci na America (Food and Drug Administration – FDA) da na ƙasashen turai (European Food Safety Authority – EFSA) da Nigeria (National Agency for Foods and Drugs Administration and Control – NAFDAC) sun amince da a yi amfani da shi a cikin abinci. Sai dai, mutanen da ba su da sinadarin phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) a cikin jikinsu wanda yake taimakon hanta wajen narkar da abinci, bai kamata su yi amfani da shi ba, saboda rashin sinadarin zai sanya hanta ta kasa yin aikinta na narkar da abinci.

. Cyclamate: ana samunsa ne daga haɗakar sinadaran “cyclohexylamine” da “sodium” da “calcium” wanɗanda aka sarrafa a ɗakin kimiyya na laboratory. Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 30% zuwa 50%. Duk da zaƙinsa, cyclamate ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, kuma hukomomin kula da ingancin magunguna da abinci na ƙasashen turai sun amince da yin amfani da shi.

Amma America ba ta amince da shi ba saboda zargin da aka yi a shekarar 1969 cewa cyclamate yana da hatsarin haddasa cutar cancer ta mafitsara (bladder cancer). Tun daga wannan lokacin, masana sun yi bincike daban-daban domin tabbatar da zargin. Sakamakon wasu daga cikin binciken ya karyata zargin, sa’annan sakamakon wasu bincikin ya tabbatar da zargin. Don haka har yanzu hukumar FDA ba ta ɗauki matsayi ba akan yin amfani da shi.

. Mogrosides: ana samunsa ne daga itaciyar “monk fruit” wacce ake samun ta a ƙasar China da Thailand, kuma suna kiransa “Luo Han Guo”, Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 150% zuwa 250%. Duk da zaƙinsa, mogrosides baya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, domin baya narkewa ya bi jiki. A shekarar 2017, wani kamfanin Chinese ya nemi EFSA da ta yi bincike a kansa, kuma daga nan aka tabbatar da ingancinsa a America da Australia.

. Saccharin: ana samunsa ne daga sinadarin “toluene” wanda ake samunsa daga gurɓataccen man petroleum kuma aka sarrafa a ɗakin kimiyya na laboratory. Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 200% zuwa 700%. Duk da zaƙinsa, saccharin ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, domin ba ya narkewa ya bi jiki.

An yi muhawara mai zafi a kan ingancin yin amfani da shi a cikin abinci a ƙasar America a shekarar 1970 saboda zargin da aka yi na cewa saccharin yana da hatsarin haddasa cutar cancer ta mafitsara. Amma duk binciken kimiyya da aka yi bayan wannan lokacin ba su tabbatar da zargin ba don haka, hukumomin kula da magunguna da abinci na duniya suka amince da yin amfani da shi.

. Steviol glycosides: ana samunsa ne daga itaciyar “Stevia rebaudiana” wanda ake samunta a ƙasar South America da Japan. Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 200% zuwa 400%. Duk da zaƙinsa, steviol rebaudiana ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, domin ba ya narkewa ya bi jiki.

A shekarar 1987, hukumar FDA ta America ta hana yin amfani da shi saboda zargin cewa yana haddasa cutar cancer ta mafitsara. Amma bayan yin nazari mai zurfi daga masana, FDA ta amince da yin amfani da shi a watan December na 2008.

. Sucralose: ana samunsa ne daga sinadarin “sucrose” na sugar wacce muka sani wanda aka sarrafa a ɗakin kimiyya na laboratory. Yana da zaƙi fiye da sugar wacce muka sani (sucrose) da kaso 400% zuwa 700%. Duk da zaƙinsa, sucralose ba ya haifar da taruwar kitse a cikin jiki, domin ba ya narkewa ya bi jiki.

A shekarar 2005, ƙungiyar kamfanoni masu yin sugar a America sun yi ƙoƙarin ɓata wa sucralose suna da zargin cewa yana da hatsari ga lafiyar mutum. Amma daga baya kotuna sun sanya an yi bincike an tabbatar da rashin gaskiyar wannan zargin, don haka hukumomin duniya suka amince da yin amfani da shi.

. Sugar alcohols: ana kiransa polyols, ana samunsa ne daga sinadaran ’ya’yan itatuwa. Sinadaran su ne:

(a) Xylitol wanda ake samu a cikin  berries, plums, da corn husks 

(b) Erythritol wanda ake samu a cikin grapes, melons, da pears 

(c) Sorbitol wanda ake samu a cikin apple, pears, peaches, cherries, carrots, sweet potatoes 

(d) Mannitol wanda ake samu a cikin seaweed, mushrooms, watermelons, pineapples 

(e) Maltitol wanda ake samu a cikin wheat, corn, potatoes 

(f) Isomalt wanda ake samu a cikin sucrose.

Domin karanta muhimman abubuwan da suke inganta lafiya danna nan

Edita; Rumasa’u Muhammad Kallamu