Yarabawa suna ne wanda Hausawa suke kiran mutanen da suke kudu-maso-yamma da ƙasar Hausa a tsohuwar Daular Oyo da Ijebu Ode da Ogbomosho da Egba da Ekiti da Ibadan da Ilori da sauran wurare da suke kusa da waɗannan ƙasashe.
A halin yanzu mafi yawa daga cikin al’ummar Yarabawa suna zaune a kudu maso yammacin Nijeriya a jihohin Lagos da Oyo da Oshun da Ondo da Ogun da Ekiti da kuma a kudu maso yammacin jihar Kwara. Ana kuma samun su a ƙasashen Jamhuriyar Benin da Togo da Cote D’iɓoire da Saliyo.
Akwai daɗaɗɗiyar dangantaka tsakanin Yarabawa da mutanen ƙasar Hausa, wadda tun farko ta kasuwanci ce. An sami bayanan da suka nuna akwai dangantakar kasuwanci a tsakanin Yarabawa da mutanen ƙasar Hausa a cikin ƙarni na goma sha takwas. A wannan lokaci ne wasu ‘yan kasuwa daga Ogbomosho suka shigo Kano kuma suka zauna a cikin birni.
Wannan dangantaka ta ƙara ƙulluwa ta hanyar kasuwancin da aka riƙa yi a tsakanin mutanen ƙasar Hausa da na ƙasashen kudu waɗanda suke bin hanyar da ta bi Zariya zuwa ƙasar Nufe ta zarce zuwa ƙasashen Yarabawa. An sami ire-iren waɗannan Yarabawa a ƙasar Katsina da Zariya (Adeleye: 1975:592).
Da yawa daga cikin Yarabawan da suke zaune cikin ƙasar Hausa a yanzu sun shigo ne a cikin ƙarni na ashirin a sakamakon kafuwar mulkin mallaka. A Kano an sami al’ummomin Yarabawa masu yawan gaske waɗanda suka shigo a farkon ƙarni na ashirin, kuma suna daga cikin mutanen farko waɗanda aka kafa unguwar Sabon Garin Kano da su.
Sun shigo Kano da Zariya don yin aikin ginin hanyar jirgin ƙasa wadda aka kawo Kano, ko kuwa don yin aiki a tashar jirgin ƙasa, ko don yi wa Turawan Mulkin Mallaka aikace – aikace, ko kuwa don yin aiki a kamfanonin da Turawa suka kafa a waɗannan wurare. Wasu Yarabawan kuwa sun shigo ne don yin aikace-aikacen addini na Musulunci ko na Kirista.
A sakamakon jin daɗin zama da suka yi a wasu garuruwan ƙasar Hausa musamman a Kano da Zariya da Katsina da Gusau da Sakkwato, sai wasu Yarabawan da suka shigo a matsayin ma’aikata bayan sun ajiye aiki suka yanke shawarar ci gaba da zama a waɗannan garuruwa. Wannan kuwa ya faru ne sakamakon jin daɗin zama da al’ummomin waɗannan wurare da suke zaune da kuma samun damar yin kasuwanci ba tare da fuskantar wata matsala ba.
Misali, Alhaji Abdul’aziz Kehinde wanda yana ɗaya daga cikin al’ummar Yarabawa da suka fara shigowa Kano a cikin shekarar 1911, ya zo a matsayin ma’aikaci a tashar jirgin ƙasa. A shekarar 1925, sai ya ajiye aiki ya shiga harkar kasuwanci a nan Kano. Akwai ire-irensa masu yawa cikin garuruwa da ƙauyukan ƙasar Hausa, waɗanda bayan sun ajiye aiki, sai suka ci gaba da zama a wuraren da suke cikin ƙasar Hausa (Baƙo: 1990:104).
Bunƙasar kasuwancin gyaɗa a cikin shekarar 1920 ya ƙara taimakawa wajen shigowar Yarabawa cikin ƙasar Hausa musamman a ƙasar Kano. Mafi yawanci daga cikin waɗannan Yarabawa suna yin kasuwancin gyaɗa ko tuƙa matocin da ake ɗauko gyaɗa daga ƙauyuka zuwa Kano. Haka kuma kafa kasuwar Sabon Gari a Kano cikin shekarar 1918 ya ƙara taimakawa wajen shigowar Yarabawa a garin Kano.
Fitattu daga cikin Yarabawa ‘yan kasuwa waɗanda suka shigo Kano a farkon ƙarni na ashirin sun haɗa da Alhaji Muhammadu Salihu Olowo wanda ya zo daga Ilesha a cikin shekarar 1903. Da farko ya fara zama a unguwar Ayagi daga baya sai ya koma Sabon Gari cikin shekarar 1916. Yana daga cikin waɗanda suka taimaka aka gina masallacin Yarabawa na Sanmori – ad – deen a cikin shekarar 1925.
Akwai kuma Alhaji Sani Giwa wanda ya zo Kano daga Abeokuta a cikin shekarar 1920. A duk faɗin Sabon Gari da kewaye Yarabawa da waɗanda ba Yarabawa ba suna ganin mutuncinsa saboda dattakonsa da karimcinsa da riƙe alƙawarinsa. Wannan ne ya sa shi zama Sarkin Yarabawa na farko a ƙasar Kano.
Haka kuma akwai Mr.D.O.Sanya Olu wanda shi ma ya shiga Kano ne cikin shekarar 1920, kuma shi ne mutum na farko wanda ya fara kafa Otel a Sabon Garin Kano a shekarar 1939. Da farko sunan Otel ɗin Colonial Hotel, amma da aka sami ‘yancin kai, sai ya canja masa suna zuwa Paradise Hotel (Baƙo, 1990:) Waɗannan misalai ne kawai aka kawo don akwai ire-irensu masu yawa da suke zaune a cikin garin Kano da kewayenta.
A garin Gusau ma akwai Yarabawa masu yawan gaske waɗanda suka shigo don yin harkar kasuwanci da sauran hulɗoɗi. An bayyana cewa tun kafin ƙarni na goma sha tara akwai Yarabawa waɗanda suke kasuwancin goro a ƙasar Hausa. A cikin ƙarni na ashirin musamman a cikin shekarar 1920 ne ake tsammanin Yarabawa masu yawa sun fara shigowa garin Gusau.
A lokacin wasu sun shigo domin yin kasuwanci, wasu kuma sun shigo domin yin aikace-aikace a kamfanoni da ma’aikatun da Turawa suka kafa irinsu tashar jirgin ƙasa da dai sauran wurare.Yarabawan da suka shigo garin Gusau suna gudanar da kasuwanci iri daban-daban, misali matansu suna sayar da man ja da sabulun salo da man shafawa irin wanda suke yi, ana kiran sa da suna “Mai Zubi”.
Su kuma mazan suna sana’o’i irin su gyaran kekuna da ɗinkin keke da ginin bulon siminti da yin aski da dai sauransu. Haka kuma wasun su sai suka shiga harkar sufuri. An bayyana cewa an ƙirƙiro yin hayar mota tasi a garin Gusau cikin shekarar 1969, kuma Yarabawa mazauna garin Gusau ne suka fara yin wannan sana’a. Daga cikin su akwai Alhaji Abdulatif S.Adegoke da Alhaji Afolabi da Mr.Ganiyu Raji (Usman, 2000:205, 206).
A sakamakon daɗaɗɗar dangantaka tsakanin Yarabawan da suka shigo Gusau da Hausawan Gusau, wasu Yarabawan sun yi auratayya da mutanen da suka tarar wanda yin haka ya haifar da musayar al’adu. A halin yanzu Yarabawan da suke zaune a garin Gusau suna zaune a unguwannin Sabon Garin Gusau da Canteen da Tudun Wada da GRA da Sabon Fegi da Birnin Ruwa da Bakin Kasuwa da sauran wurare a cikin garin Gusau da kewaye (Usman, 2000:205).
Kamar yadda Yarabawa suka shigo ƙasar Hausa, an sami Hausawa masu yawa waɗanda suka yi ƙaura daga ƙasar Hausa suka shiga ƙasar Yarabawa, kuma sun yi fiye da shekaru ɗari a wannan ƙasa.Ire-iren waɗannan Hausawa suna zaune a unguwannin Alaba da Agege da Obalande da Hausa Line a Lagos da kuma a Sabo Ibadan da Sasa a Ibadan da kuma a Shagamu da Ilori da dai sauran wurare a ƙasar Yarabawa.
Daga cikin ire-iren waɗannan Hausawa mazauna ƙasar Yarabawa akwai Sarkin Hausawa Dogara wanda ya bayyana min ta hannun Sakatarensa cewa an haife shi a Lagos, mahaifinsa ma a Lagos aka haife shi. A halin yanzu yana daga cikin fitattun mutane masu faɗa-a-ji a jihar Lagos, don kuwa daga cikin matansa akwai wadda ‘ya ce ga Oba na Lagos.
Bayansa akwai Sarkin Hausawa Alhaji Kabiru Garba wanda tsohon Hafsan Soja ne wanda ya yi ritaya, kuma yana zaune a Arewa House Ebute-Metta Lagos. A Ibadan akwai Sarkin Sasa Alhaji Haruna Mai Yasin wanda shi asalinsa mutumin Zakka ta ƙaramar hukumar Safana a jihar Katsina ne. A yanzu yana ɗaya daga fitattun mutane masu faɗa-a-ji a jihar Oyo.
Don karanta Shigowar Nufawa Ƙasar Hausa danna nan
Wannan bayani an ciro shi ne daga kundin bincike mai taken: SANA’AR WANZANCI DA SAUYE-SAUYEN ZAMANI JIYA DA YAU wanda BASHIR ALIYU SAFANA SALLAU ya wallafa WANDA AKA GABATAR A TSANGAYAR FASAHA DA ADDININ MUSULUNCI SASHEN KOYAR DA HARSUNAN NIJERIYA JAMI’AR BAYERO, KANO, DOMIN CIKA WANI ƁANGARE NA SAMUN DIGIRI NA UKU (Ph.D) A FANNIN HAUSA
MAYU 2009/JUMADA ULA 1430
Edita@rumasau-kallamu
