Babahabu49
GABATARWA
Bikin Kamun Kifi na daga cikin muhimman al’adun gargajiya da suka shahara a Arewacin Najeriya, musamman a cikin masarautar Argungun da ke jihar Kebbi. Wannan biki na da tsohon tarihi da aka soma tun a shekarar 1934 lokacin da mai alfarma Sarki Hassan Ɗan Ma’azu ya karɓi baƙuncin sarkin Musulmi.
A wancan lokacin, bikin ya kasance al’adar unguwa, amma daga bisani ya haɓaka ya koma babban biki da ke jan hankalin mutane daga sassa daban-daban na ƙasa da ma ƙasashen waje. Wannan biki ba kawai nishaɗi ba ne, yana kuma nuna ƙwazon masunta da al’adun Hausawa ta hanyar wasanni, hawan daba da dawaki, da kuma gasar kamun kifi.
TAƘAITACCEN TARIHIN BIKIN KAMUN KIFI
Kamar yadda aka sani biki ne da aka fara shi tun lokacin mai alfarma sakin musulmi Hassan Ɗan Ma’azu ya ziyarci masarautar Argungun a shekarar 1934, kuma an gudanar da bikin ne don nuna ƙarfin Kabawa da kuma sarkin Kabi sama. Bikin yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan al’adun gargajia a arewacin Najeriya. Bikin yana da daɗaɗɗen tarihi.
Daga shekarar 1934 har zuwa 1960, bikin ya kasance na garin kawai. Amma a shekarar 1972 ya samu halartar shugaban ƙasar Najeriya, Janar Yakubu Gawan saboda dalilin siyasa, daga bisani bikin bai samu goyon baya ba, kuma babu wani biki da aka shirya daga sherkarar 1999 har zuwa shekarar 2004.
Daga 2004 bikin ya sake farfaɗowa kuma ya zama babban biki da kuma jan hankalin ‘yan yawon buɗe ido. Zuwa shekarar 2009 bikin ya zama bikin al’adu na duniya. Inda al’umma daban-daban ƙabilu daban-daban. Inda ake haɗa wata babbar hawan daba tare da dawaki 500 da mahayansu, da raƙuma 120 da mahayansu waɗanda ke ɗauke da tutar masarautar Argungun.
Kamar yadda aka bayyana cewa ana gudanar da bikin duk shekara-shekara, kafin ranar za a shiga ruwa don kamun kifi (Su). Sai an yi sati ana gabatar da wasanni daban-daban waɗanda suka shafi al’adun Hausawa, wasannin sun haɗa da:
• Wasan harbi da bindiga, kwari da baka, danƙa (gwafawasan kokuwa, dambe
• Wasan tsere da mota, mashin, keke. Amma waɗannan daga baya aka same su saboda shigowar zamani
• Wasan tsere na ruwa da kwale-kwale da gora da hannu (iyo) da kuma nitso da sauransu.
Waɗannan wasanni su ne aka fi gabatarwa a wannan lokacin bikin. Sai wata babbar gasa da ake a wajen kamun kifin, wanda ya kama kifi mafi girma, yana da babbar kyauta mafi tsoka.
Ranar Kamun Kifi
Ita ce babbar ranar bikin na ruwa da kowa ke halarta a harabar wurin kamun kifi da masu kallo da masu riƙon kaya da masu kamun kifi duk dai an haɗu a harabar wurin, inda kowa ze nuna baiwarsa da gadon gidansu a wurin.
Lokacin Shiga Ruwa
A lokacin shiga ruwa ana shiga ne da safe misain ƙarfe 10:00 na safe zuwa 12:00 na dare. A lokacin ne za ka ga masunta daban-daban, wasu da ƙaramar homa (kitiku), wasu da babbar wasu kuma tsaka-tsaki, wasu kuma suna yin lalube da hannu, kuma kowane masunci yana tare da goransa na sa kifi ko buhu. Za a ga kowane masunci ya ɗaure gorarsa a bayansa.
Bayan masu su da homa ko lalube sun fita, akwai waɗansu masunta masu amfani da kayan haƙo (tarko), da suke amfani da su wajen kamun kifi. Waɗansu na amfani da ƙugiya, waɗansu kuma na amfani da birgi (taru), wasu kuma kallu (raga) da sauran kayan da ake amfani da su wurin kamun kifi.
A ranar ne bikin ya zo ƙarshe, lokacin da aka gama gasar kamun babban kifin da yafi kowane kifin da aka kamo girma. Wannan gasa ana sa ta ne don nuna ƙwarewar masunta da kuma ƙara musu kwarin gwuiwa da kuma hoɓɓasa. A wannan gasa ake kyautar kujerar Makka, mota, da maƙuden kuɗi kimanin naira miliyan biyu, bayan ƙananan kyaututtuka da yake samu a gun manyan mutane. Sai kuma wanda ya zo a mataki na biyu, za a ba shi kyautar mota da naira miliyan biyu. kyautar ƙarshe ita ce kyautar mashin.
IRE–IREN KIFIN DA AKE KAMAWA A RUWAN ARGUNGUN
Sun haɗa da giwar ruwa, Ranboshi, Kurme a Karwatsa (Gargaza), Goɗai (Gawo), Harya, Tanbuwa, Kuma, Munjirya, ci-hakiya, yanmi. Da suransu.
IRE–IREN KAYAN KAMUN KIFIN
Akwai ire-iren kayan kamun kifi da masunta ke amfani da su wajen kamun kifi. Duk da mun ce wasu da hannu suke yi. Ga wasu daga ciki:
• Gora
• Homa
• Ƙugiya
• Raga ko Kalli
• Taru
• Da sauransu
Sai kuma masu amfani da hannu suna lalube-lalube a ruwan. Ta hakan suke kama kifin.
Ana samun wasu matsalolin a cikin wannan ruwa, inda wasu ma kan rasa rayukansu sanadin cinkoson mutane, akan taka wasu a cikin ruwan lokacin da suka yi nutso, kafin su taso wasu sun tattaka su, sai su kasa ɗagowa.
Akwai kuma waɗanda gajiya ce ke sanadiyyar rasuwarsu a ruwan, duk da akwai likitoci da ke zagayawa suna kula da yanayin masuntan da ke cikin ruwa, kuma suna tare da jami’an tsaro na ruwan.
KAMMALAWA
Bikin Kamun Kifi wata muhimmiyar al’ada ce da ke tattare da tarihi, al’adu da nishaɗi. Yana ba da dama ga jama’a su haɗu wuri guda domin girmama al’adarsu da nuna bajinta a fagen kamun kifi. Bikin ya zama wata kafa ta jan hankalin masu yawon buɗe ido da kuma haɓaka tattalin arzikin yankin.
Duk da cewa ana fuskantar wasu ƙalubale irin su cunkoso da haɗurran ruwa, har yanzu bikin na ci gaba da samun karɓuwa da kuma bunƙasa, yana zama abin alfahari ga al’ummar Argungun da Najeriya baki ɗaya.
MANAZARTA
Aminu, U. (2009). Tarihin Bikin Kamun Kifi a Masarautar Argungu. Kaduna: Arewa Publishers.
Ibrahim, M. (2015). Muhimmancin Al’adun Hausawa da Gudunmuwarsu ga Ci gaban Yawon Buɗe Ido. Kano: Gidan Dabino Publishers.
Yusuf, L. (2012). Al’adun Gargajiya da Gudunmuwarsu ga Tattalin Arziki. Lagos: University Press.
BBC Hausa (2021). Bikin Kamun Kifi a Argungu ya sake ɗaukar hankalin duniya.[https://www.bbc.com/hausa](https://www.bbc.com/hausa)
Premium Times Hausa (2020). An kammala bikin Kamun Kifi na bana cikin nasara. [https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com](https://hausa.premiumtimesng.com)
Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Kebbi State (2020). Annual Argungu Fishing Festival Report.
Danna nan don karanta Alaƙar Hausa Da Fulatanci
Edita@rumasau-kallamu
