Hepatitis cuta ce wacce take kama hanta (liver), ta sanya mata kumburi (inflammation). Ita kuma hanta wata muhimmiyar tsoka ce da take a ɓangaren dama a saman cikin mutum. Ayyukan hanta suna da yawa a jikin mutum. Kaɗan daga cikinsu su ne:
1. Samar da ruwan sinadarin matsarmama (bile production) domin niƙe abinci da zarar ya shiga ciki.
2. Sarrafa sinadarai na kitse (fats), sinadaran girman jiki (protein), da sinadaran ƙarfin jiki (carbohydrates) waɗanda suke cikin abincin da mutum ya ci.
3. Sarrafa magunguna (medications) waɗanda suka shiga jikin mutum tare da aikawa da su zuwa sassan da suka dace a cikin jiki.
4. Adana abubuwan da jiki yake buƙata na abinci (glycogen), garkuwar jiki (vitamins), da gyaran jiki (minerals).
5. Fitar da tarkacen da jiki ya gama amfani da su na maɗaciya (bilirubin), kitse (cholesterol), magunguna (drugs), da sinadarai (hormones).
6. Sarrafa yanayin jinin jiki (synthesis of blood constituents).
Idan hanta ta kamu da cutar kumburi (hepatitis), to, za ta kasa yin waɗannan ayyukan da wasu ayyukan ma daban faɗa ba. Nau’ukan cutar hepatitis da aka sani su ne Hepatitis A, B, C, D, da E. Ana ɗaukar cutar ne ta hanyar mu’amalar saduwar aure, ko kuma haɗuwar ruwayen jikin mai cutar dana wanda ba ya da ita, kamar ruwan saduwar aure (semen), ruwayen da suke fita daga al’aurar mace (vaginal fluids), ruwan nono (breast milk), ruwan ciwo (wound pus), da ƙarin jini (blood transfusion) duk da kasancewar mawuyaci ne a ƙarawa maras lafiya jinin mai hepatitis. Sa’annan ana iya ɗaukar cutar hepatitis ta hanyar dashen sassan jiki (organ transplant).
Cutar hepatitis ba ta hana aure ko mu’amala tsakanin mai ita da wanda ba ya da ita. Abin yi kawai shi ne wanda ba ya da ita ɗin za a yi masa allurar rigakafinta sau uku. Idan aka yi ta farko, to, bayan wata ɗaya za a sake yin ta biyu. Daga nan sai bayan wata shida a yi ta ukun. Haka irin wannan tsarin yake ga jarirai.
Idan mai hepatitis yana shan magunguna, kuma ya daina cin duk wani abu mai protein, to zai sami sauƙin da kuka ji na kira shi da cewa warkewa. Sai dai hakan ba ya nufin babu ɓurɓushin cutar hepatitis ɗin kwata-kwata a cikin jininsa.
Amma idan bayan ya sha magani, kuma har yanzu idan an yi masa test yake nuna reactive, to, ɗayan abubuwa uku ne yake faruwa, kamar haka:
1. Jikinsa yana bijirewa ƙwayoyin maganin da yake amfani da su. Abinda yakan kawo bijirewar shi ne ƙarfin halittar cutar (viral genetic variation). Ma’ana, ƙwayar halittar cutar ta sami sauye-sauye saboda rashin bin ƙa’idar magani da maras lafiya yake yi, ko kuma cutar ta shiga jikin mutane da yawa kafin ta zo jikinsa don haka ta saba da yanayi daban-daban. Hakan zai sa magance ta ya yi wahala.
2. Rashin yin amfani da magani yadda ya kamata. Wato mai yiwuwa ne maras lafiyan ba ya bin ƙa’idar shan magani.
3. Raguwar ƙwayar cutar hepatitis B a hankali (gradual reduction of the hepatitis B viral load).
Awon da ake yi wa mutum domin a gane ko yana da cutar Hepatitis B shi ne Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Idan ya nuna reactive, to, ya tabbatar da cewa akwai cutar kenan, kuma mai ita zai iya yaɗawa wani. Da zarar an ɗora shi a kan magani, ƙwayoyin cutar za su riƙa raguwa a jikinsa a hankali, amma ba za su mutu gaba-ɗaya ba, don haka za a gansu idan an yi awon.
Ana yin awo a tsakanin tsawon lokacin da yake shan maganin domin a gane yadda cutar take raguwa. Sunan awon Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) ko anti-HBsAg. Idan ya nuna reactive ko positive, to, yana nuna cewa yana samun sauƙi, kuma ya samu kariya daga cutar. Ma’ana, ba zai cutar da kowa ba, kuma shi ma ba za ta yi masa illa a jikinsa ba. Sakamakon wannan awon ne nake nufi da cewa ana warkewa.
Bisa ga waɗannan bayanan, nake fayyace cewa idan mutum ya yi jinyar cutar hepatitis, kuma aka ce ya warke, to, ba ana nufin cewa babu ɓurɓushin cutar a cikin jininsa kwata-kwata ba ne. Akwai ta, amma ba za ta cutar da shi ko waninsa ba.
Sa’annan akwai bayanai masu tabbatar da cewa yawanci ƙwayoyin cutar virus ba su da magani na kai-tsaye. Ma’ana sai dai a magance alamomin da suke zuwa da su, wato “opportunistic infections” ko “symptoms”. Misali, cutar mura, ko HIV/AIDS, ko coronavirus, da sauransu.
Sannan Don mace tana shayar da yaro, mawuyaci ne ya ɗauki cutar daga ruwan nono saboda yawanci akwai allurar rigakafin hepatitis a cikin alluran rigakafin da ake yi ma Yara bayan haihuwarsu.
Fatan an ilimintu
Domin karanta Zubar Jini A Cikin Wata Uku Na Farkon Samun Juna Biyu danna nan
Edita@rumasau-kallamu
