Allahumma munzilal khitabi, sari’al hisabi, ihzimil ahzaaba, allahumma ihzimuhum wazalzilhum.
Ya Allah! Mai saukar da Littafi, Mai gaggawan sakamakoKa karya kungiyoyin abokan gaba. Ka karya su, Ka girgiza su.
Karanta Addu’ar Wanda Ya Ji Tsoron Zaluncin Wani Mai Iko
Edita@rumasau-kallamu
Akwai tsokokin da suke sarrafa motsin idanun mutum. Ana kiransu “ocular eye muscles”, kuma guda 6 ne kamar haka:
1. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga sama (superior rectus muscle): Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido sama idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Sa’annan tana taimakawa ƙwayar ido juyawa gefen hanci. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ta kalli sama ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa sama, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya sama, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.
2. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga ƙasa (imperior rectus muscle): Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ƙasa idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Sa’annan tana taimakawa ƙwayar ido juyawa gefen kumatu. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ta kalli ƙasa ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa ƙasa, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya ƙasa, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.
3. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga gefen hanci (medial rectus muscle): Aikin wannan tsokar shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ta kalli gefen hanci idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa gefen hanci, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.
4. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga gefen kumatu (lateral rectus muscle): Aikin wannan tsokar shi ne juya ƙwayar ido gefen kumatu idan buƙatar hakan ta taso. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ba. Hakan zai sa idan mutum yana buƙatar juya idanunsa gefen kumatu, sai ƙwayar idon mai lafiya ta juya, amma mai matsalar ta kasa juyawa.
5. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga saman ƙwayar idon (superior oblique muscle): A saman ƙwayar ido take kuma ta gangara har can cikin ƙwayar idon. Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ta kalli gefen hanci da kuma gefen kumatu. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa gefen hancin ko gefen kumatun ba. Hakan zai sa idanunsa tsayawa kyam babu juyawa dama ko hagu.
6. Tsokar da take riƙe ƙwayar ido daga ƙasan ƙwayar idon (imperior oblique muscle): A ƙasan ƙwayar ido take kuma ta yi sama har can cikin ƙwayar idon. Babban aikinta shi ne juya ƙwayar ido ta kalli gefen kunci. Idan tsokar tana da matsala, to, ƙwayar idon ba za ta iya juyawa ba.
Bisa la’akari da tsokokin da suke sarrafa motsin idanu, da kuma illar rashin yin aikinsu idan suna da matsala, harara garke ya rabu gida 4 kamar haka:
1. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon gefen hanci (esotropia).
2. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon gefen kunci (exotropia).
3. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon sama (hypertropia).
4. Harara garke wanda idanu suke kallon ƙasa (hypotropia).
Nau’in harara garke waɗanda suka fi shahara guda 2 ne:
1. Harara garke mai faruwa a lokacin da mutum yake ƙoƙarin kallon abinda ke kusa da shi (accommodative strabismus): Irin wannan harara garken ba a ganin mutum da shi sai idan yana kallon abinda ke kusa. Ma’ana, idan yana kallon nesa, to, ba za a ga harara garken ba. Amma idan yana kallon kusa, sai idonsa ɗaya ko duka biyun su kalli gefen hancinsa. Hakan yana faruwa ne saboda baya iya ganin abinda ke kusa sosai, har sai idon ya karkata gefen hancinsa. Ƙoƙarin daidaita idon ya kalli abinda ke kusa, shi ne “accommodative” ɗin. Wannan ya fi kama mutum a lokacin yarinta, kuma akan yi maganinsa ne ta hanyar amfani da tabarau na likita.
2. Harara garke mai faruwa lokaci-lokaci (intermittent strabismus): Wannan shi ne wanda ido guda ɗaya yake kallon abinda ake buƙata, amma ɗayan yana kallon gefen kunci. Mutum mai wannan nau’in harara garken yakan yi fama da gani biyu-biyu, wahalar ganin rubutu, da zazzare idanu wajen kallon nesa. Yana iya kama mutum a kowane lokaci na rayuwarsa, kuma akan magance shi ta hanyar amfani da tabarau na likita.
Babban abinda yake haddasa harara garke shi ne lalacewar tsokoki masu sarrafa motsin ƙwayar ido, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata. Bayan shi, akwai wasu dalilai kamar haka:
1. Gado (inheritance) daga wani a cikin zuriyya.
2. Rashin ƙarfin gani (poor eye vision) saboda cututtukan ido.
3. Ciwon laka na sahuhanci (down syndrome).
4. Ciwon laka na rashin ƙarfin jiki (cerebral palsy).
5. Cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa (brain diseases).
6. Shanyewar tsagin jiki (stroke) saboda hawan jini.
7. Cututtukan laka (neurological disorders).
8. Rashin daidaiton sinadarin thyroid (grave disease).
Idanun jariri sabuwar haihuwa za a gansu kamar harara garke. Hakan yana faruwa ne saboda jijiyoyi da tsokokin idonsa ba su girma ba. Idan ya kai wata 3 zuwa 4, to za su gyaru kuma zai iya kallo kai-tsaye. A cikin watanni 6 zuwa shekara 1 zai ƙware sosai wajen kallo. Idan iyaye suka ga idanunsa ba su tsaya sosai ba wajen kallo, to, sai su tafi da shi asibiti domin a duba shi. Na faɗa da farko cewa harara garke zai iya kama mutum a shekarun yarinta kamar daga shekara 3 zuwa goma. Wani kuma sai ya balaga.
Magance harara garke ya danganta da tsananinsa da kuma abinda ya haddasa shi. Don haka, hanyoyin magance shi sun haɗa da:
1. Amfani da tabarau mai ƙara girman abubuwa wanda likita ya bayar.
2. Allurai, ƙwayyoyi, da magungunan ɗigawa wanda likita ya bayar.
3. Aikin tiyata na tsokar ido mai matsala.
4. Atisayen daidaita ganin ido wanda likita ya koyar.
Rashin magance harara garke zai haifar da rashin gani da kyau, ciwon kai, zazzare idanu, gani biyu-biyu, da rashin ƙwarin gwiwar hulɗa da mutane.Allah ka kare mu da lafiya, amin.
Don karanta Ƙaiƙayi Mai Kamar Tafiyar Kiyashi A Jikin Mutum danna nan
Edita@rumasau-kallamu
3. Ta kasance kafin ta aure shi (annabi) ta auri Abi-Halata, haƙiƙa ya mutu yana da ɗa guda ɗaya (1), sunan ɗan Halata.
4. Haƙiƙa ta zauna tare da annabi, shekara ashirin da biyar (25), bai auri wata macen ba bayanta, har sai da ta rasu.
Yayin da ya shiga garin Makkah, sai shugaba Khadija ta ga ya dawo mata da riba mai yawan gaske, sai ta yi farin ciki da ganin haka, sai ta aika masa tana neman izinin auransa idan zai amince, daman ita shugaba Khadija ta samu labarin sa, sai ta yi yunƙuri ta aure shi, amma ba ta samu ikon yi masa magana ba, sai can ta yi wani tunani, tace eh, to, tunda ina ɗaukar mutane kasuwanci, sannan kuma shi mutum ne mai sauƙin kai, mai zai sa ba zan ɗauke shi aikin ba, idan ya so daga baya sai na sanar da shi abin yake cikin zuciyata.
Hakan kuwa aka yi, saboda albarkar da ke tattare da annabin ne da kuma irin gaskiyarsa da riƙon amanarsa. Waɗannan abubuwa dai sun faranta wa Khadijah rai ƙwarai da gaske da kuma ƙaunar annabi.
Sai ko ta ɗauke shi aiki, bayan ya yi shirin tafiya kasuwanci, sai ta nemi ɗan aikinta mai suna Maisara, ta sanar da shi cewa, tana so za ta haɗa su kasuwanci da wannan babban mutum, amma abin da nake so da kai kawai shi ne, ka lura duk abin da yake yi na ɗabi’unsa haɗi da mu’amalarsa baki ɗaya.
Sannan aka ɗora kayan kasuwanci akan dabbobi, sai suka kama hanya suka tafi, har suka tafi suka dawo, sai ta haɗawa annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) liyafa mai kyau, ta samar masa da waje mai kyau, ta ajiye masa kaya, sai ta kira Maisara take tambayarsa game da halayensa, sai Maisara yace, a gaskiya tun da muke tafiya kasuwanci, ban taɓa ganin mutum irin wannan ba ga tausayi, ga haƙuri, ga riƙon amana ga gaskiya, ga sanyin hali, ga kunya, da dai sauransu sai ta ji ya kamata ta sanar da shi abin da yake cikin ran ta.
Saboda Hausawa sun ce: “A bari ya huce shi ke kawo rabon wani” sai kuwa ta fara tunanin yadda za ta sanar da annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), saboda ta san annabi Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) Balarabe ne, Sannan kuma ka san Larabawa farare ne su, kuma annabi Yusuf (Alaihis-salam) wanda muka ji labarinsa haɗi da abubuwan da suka faru a tsakaninsa da matan wannan zamanin duk da haka shi fa rabin kyau ɗin manzon Allah (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) aka ba shi, amma ga abin da yaka faru da shi a wancan zamanin.
Sai shugaba Khadija ta ga fuskarsa ta fi farar audiga, ta zarce madara irin ta ruga, Sannan da girman da kyawun tsaga, fuskarsa tana walwali, ta fi walƙiya haskakawa, ga haƙoransa fes ko tar sun fi wata haskakawa, goshinsa ya yi lub-lub baƙi sitil ga sansti, idan ya yi murmushi haske ne ke fitowa daga bakinsa saboda kyawunsa da kuma girmansa a wajen Allah (Subhanahu wata`ala).
Sannan gashin kansa kamar gashin gada, ga idanunsa gada-gada zancensa akwai da fa’ida daɗin ƙamshin sa wa zai kwada, kowa na son sa cikin mutane, Sannan ga lallausan lafazi wanda ke ratsa zuciyar mutane ko ƙarfe ne a cikin zukatan mutane sai ya narke, saboda jin wannan lallausar hamshaƙiyar muryarsa.
Bugu da ƙari zuciyarsa tar ce ko fes kuma ga haƙuri da hankali a gunsa gami da nutsuwa tamkar a ce mutane su yi murɗiya, saurin fushi ko faɗa ko ha’inci babu guda a gunsa gwanin gaskiya, sai shugaba Khadija ta ji ta gani, sannan ta tsuduma a cikin kogin madarar ƙaunarsa, sai ta samu Baffanta Amru ɗan Asdu ta ba shi labarin duk abin da yake tafe da ita, sannan ya samu Baffan annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) daga ƙarshe sai annabi ya amince zai aure ta.
Haka kuma a wata faɗar an ce lokacin da annabi ya dawo daga kasuwanci, sai Maisara ya sanar da ita cewa sun dawo, sai sayyada Khadija ta saurari shigowar annabi, bayan ya shigo cikin gidan ta ga ya dawo mata da riba mai albarka, ashe lokacin da yake yi ma ta bayanin yadda kasuwancin nasu ya kasance, ita ko tsayawa ta yi tana kallon sa yadda yake yi ma ta jawabi cikin nutsuwa da yadda yake magana haɗi da sunkuyar da kan sa ƙasa tare da lallausar muryarsa mai ɗankaran daɗi, wadda dole mutum ya saurara, idan kuma ya yi shiru sai kwarjinin sa ya mamaye zuciyar mutum, sai ko sayyada Khadija ta shiga cikin wani hali na faɗawa cikin kogin zumuɗin ƙaunar sa (sallallahu alaihi wasallam), amma kuma sai ta kasa faɗa masa.
Daga ƙarshe sai sayyadina Hamza da Abdul-Muɗallib suka tafi gidan su Nana Khadija aka nemo waliyyin ta (a lokacin ma mahaifinta ya rasu), sai Abdulmuɗallib ya sanar da shi (waliyyin na ta) abin yake tafe da su, sannan sai ya tashi ya yi huɗuba yake cewa “ duk wanda aka haɗa shi annabi akan ma’auni, to sai ɗan mu ya rinjaye shi, sannan kuma ba shi da dukiya a hannun sa, ita ko dukiya inuwa ce yanzu za ka iya samun ta zuwa anjima kuma a rasa ta”.
Sai aka amince aka ɗaura musu aure da annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), sai aka yi shagalin aure, can sai ga wata tsohuwar mace nan da tumaki arba’in ashe Halimatus-Sadiya ce ta kawo su ta ce a yi shagalin bikin ɗan ta, saboda haka malamai suka ce babu wata mace wacce ta kai Nana Khadija zaɓin miji.
Saboda haka a lokacin da annabi ya auri Nana Khadija sai ta share masa baƙin cikin da yake cikin zuciyarsa na tunanin rasuwar mahaifiyar sa da Baffan sa, sannan kuma ita ce wacce ta auri annabi tun kafin ya zama annabi.
Haka kuma Shugaba Khadijah ta kasance kafin ta auri annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ta auri wasu mazajen guda daga cikinsu akwai Abu-Halata shi ne wanda Allah (Subhanahu wata’ala) ya ba su ikon samun rabo na da guda miji guda ɗaya sunansa Halata. Sannan kuma ta zauna tare da annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) shekara shekara ashirn da biyar (25) saboda haka idan muka haɗa da shekarunsa sa aure shi ya kama shekarun Annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) Hamsi (50) kafin shugaba Khadija ta yi Wafati ita kuma shekarun sittin da biyar (65) ko hamsin da uku (53) ko hamsin (50):
Saboda haka Shugaba Khadija ta yi Wafati a shekara ta goma bayan annabta, amma annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) bai taɓa auren wata mace ba, har sai da ta yi wafati sannan ta haifa masa ‘ya’ya mata guda huɗu (4), wanda Babbarsu ita ce Zainab, sai Ruƙayya, sai Ummul-khursum sai Nana Faɗima wanda annabi Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) yasa mata Fatima, Saboda sunan Mahaifiyar Mahaifinsa ne Abddullahi ɗan Abdul-Muɗallib.
Sannan dukkansu sun rayu kuma sun yi aure wacce sayyadina Usman Bin Affan ya auri guda biyu (2), daga cikinsu akwai sayyada Ruƙayya, bayan ta rasu sai ya auri sayyada Ummul-khursum, sai sirikin annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), na biyu shi ne Abul-as ɗan Rabi’a wanda ya auri sayyada Zainab wacce ta haifi ‘ya’ya daga cikin su akwai wacce ake kira da Umaima, wacce wani lokaci annabi Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) yake fitowa da ita yake riƙe ta yana Sallah da ita, sai sirikin annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) na uku (3) shi ne sayyadina Aliyu ɗan Abu-ɗalib (Karramallahu Wajjahahu) wanda ya auri sayyada Fatima , sannan kuma sayyada Nana Fatima tana da sunaye da yawa kamar su; Zakiyya, Batula, Ma’asuma, Alawiyya, da dai sauransu.
Saboda haka menene dalilin da yasa Khadija ta zauna Annabi Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) shekara ashirin da biyar (25), kuma annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) bai taɓa auren wata macen ba har sai da ta rasu? Maganar gaskiya dalilan suna da yawan gaske, amma dai sayyada Khadija mace mai yawan ibada da haƙuri da juriya, sannan kuma ta iya zamantakewar auratayya haɗi da sanin kalaman da za su sanyayawa annabi zuciya.
Bayan annabi Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ya fito daga shinge (wata kariya ce da ya shiga, a lokacin mutanen Najrana suka Zo wajen annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) su ashirin (20) ko kusa da ashirin sai annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ya karanta musu Alƙur’ani, suka yi Imani da shi) kafin Hijira daga Makkah zuwa Madinah da shekaru uku (3) a shekara ta hamsin).
Sai Sayyada Khadija ta rasu ‘yar Khuwailid matar annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), ya kasance yana yawan tunawa da ita saboda Imam Bukhari (3,818), Babi na (20) yace,; “Annabi ya auri sayyada Khadija yana daga fifikonta daga Hadisin da aka ruwaito daga Nana A’isha tace: ‘’ban taɓa kishi da wata mace ba daga cikin matan annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam), sai sayyada Khadija, saboda irin abubuwan da na gani da irin son da annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) yake yi mata.
Sai dai da na ga annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ya cika yawan ambaton ta har ma (bayan ta rasu) yana yanka akuya (fata) sai ya ba ƙawayenta da ‘yan uwanta (Sayyada Khadija), sannan annabi (Sallallahu alaihi wasallam) ya kasance wani lokaci yana cewa, kamar bai taɓa ganin wata ‘ya mace a wannan duniyar kamar sayyada Khadija ba, yace: ita (sayyada Khadija) ta kasance kaza da kaza haka kuma a tare da ni da ita akwai ‘ya’ya (Nurul Yaƙin shafi na 53).
Danna nan don karanta Sunayen Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W)
Edita; Rumasa’u M. kallamu